CAJ | 학술논문

农牧业水足迹研究可揭示农牧业经济系统与水资源消耗间的联系与矛盾，为农业水资源合理利用和农业结构调整提供参考。运用水足迹理论和方法计算了土库曼斯坦农牧业水足迹，分析该农牧业水足迹总量、结构、人口密度、土地密度、农牧业水资源集约利用度、水资源负载指数特征及其年际动态和水资源生态安全指标。研究表明：土库曼斯坦农牧业水足迹总量介于1．63×1010～2．73×1010 m3之间，年际变化总体呈上升趋势，2008年增幅最大；农产品水足迹组成中经济作物占总量的67．93％；农产品水足迹人口、土地密度的年际动态特征与总量相似，2008年出现峰值，畜产品水足迹较稳定；2007-2011年间该国农牧业水资源利用有效性提高，经济效益增加，但总体低于畜产品水资源的利用效率和经济效益；2007-2012年农业水资源负载指数显示农业水资源利用度和开发潜力持续升高，但仍有较大开发潜力；随着土国农牧业水足迹的上升，该国面临的水资源压力骤增，水资源生态安全问题突出。
농목업수족적연구가게시농목업경제계통여수자원소모간적련계여모순，위농업수자원합리이용화농업결구조정제공삼고。운용수족적이론화방법계산료토고만사탄농목업수족적，분석해농목업수족적총량、결구、인구밀도、토지밀도、농목업수자원집약이용도、수자원부재지수특정급기년제동태화수자원생태안전지표。연구표명：토고만사탄농목업수족적총량개우1．63×1010～2．73×1010 m3지간，년제변화총체정상승추세，2008년증폭최대；농산품수족적조성중경제작물점총량적67．93％；농산품수족적인구、토지밀도적년제동태특정여총량상사，2008년출현봉치，축산품수족적교은정；2007-2011년간해국농목업수자원이용유효성제고，경제효익증가，단총체저우축산품수자원적이용효솔화경제효익；2007-2012년농업수자원부재지수현시농업수자원이용도화개발잠력지속승고，단잉유교대개발잠력；수착토국농목업수족적적상승，해국면림적수자원압력취증，수자원생태안전문제돌출。
The water footprint analysis of agriculture and husbandry can reveal connection and contradic -tion between agriculture and husbandry economic system and water resources consumption , and provide reference for rational utilization of agricultural water resources and agricultural structure adjustment .In this paper , the water footprint of agriculture and husbandry in Turkmenistan was investigated by method of water footprint .The gross volume of agriculture and husbandry water footprint , structure , population density , land density , utilization degree of water resources , carrying capacity index 2012 and its water re-source ecological security were analyzed .The results showed that in general , the agriculture and hus-bandry gross water footprint is between 1.63 ×1010 ~2.73 ×1010m3, and basically presents increasing trend every year ,the greatest increment is in 2008;the economic crops in water footprint of Turkmenistan account for 67 .93%of gross agriculture products;annual dynamic characteristics of population and land density of agriculture productions shows similarly trend to gross water footprint ,the peak appered in 2008 and animal products changed slightly;water resources efficiency and economic benefits from 2007 to 2011 were improved , but which was less than that of animal products;water resources carrying capacity index of Turkmenistan indicated that water resources utilization degree and exploring potential keep rising year by year , but still have great development potential .However , along with the rise of agriculture and hus-bandry water footprint , Turkmenistan is faced with abruptly water resource pressure and prominently water resource ecological security problems .