世界科技研究与发展
世界科技研究與髮展
세계과기연구여발전
WORLD SCI-TECH R & D
2014年
3期
355-361
,共7页
城市化%环境抗争%环境社会学%重要出路%中国
城市化%環境抗爭%環境社會學%重要齣路%中國
성시화%배경항쟁%배경사회학%중요출로%중국
urbanization%environmental action%environmental sociology%fundamental way%China
城市化是经济社会发展的必然选择。然而，随着中国城市化飞速发展，也产生了城市水、大气、固体废弃物和噪声污染等一系列生态环境问题。同时，随着环境意识的增强，人们对居住环境质量的要求不断提高，致使城市化过程中环境抗争事件不断涌现。本文回顾了已有研究文献，以国外环境抗争、国内农村环境抗争与城市环境抗争作对比，突出城市环境抗争的特点；从抗争的情感基础、精英力量、弱组织化和互动过程四个方面对城市的环境抗争进行建构；从抗争力量、制度化因素、发展观念和社会力量四个方面分析当前环境抗争所面临的一系列困境。培育公民社会、更新地方政府的发展观念、加强社会科学与自然科学和管理科学之间的交叉研究等是应对当前困境最根本的出路。
城市化是經濟社會髮展的必然選擇。然而，隨著中國城市化飛速髮展，也產生瞭城市水、大氣、固體廢棄物和譟聲汙染等一繫列生態環境問題。同時，隨著環境意識的增彊，人們對居住環境質量的要求不斷提高，緻使城市化過程中環境抗爭事件不斷湧現。本文迴顧瞭已有研究文獻，以國外環境抗爭、國內農村環境抗爭與城市環境抗爭作對比，突齣城市環境抗爭的特點；從抗爭的情感基礎、精英力量、弱組織化和互動過程四箇方麵對城市的環境抗爭進行建構；從抗爭力量、製度化因素、髮展觀唸和社會力量四箇方麵分析噹前環境抗爭所麵臨的一繫列睏境。培育公民社會、更新地方政府的髮展觀唸、加彊社會科學與自然科學和管理科學之間的交扠研究等是應對噹前睏境最根本的齣路。
성시화시경제사회발전적필연선택。연이，수착중국성시화비속발전，야산생료성시수、대기、고체폐기물화조성오염등일계렬생태배경문제。동시，수착배경의식적증강，인문대거주배경질량적요구불단제고，치사성시화과정중배경항쟁사건불단용현。본문회고료이유연구문헌，이국외배경항쟁、국내농촌배경항쟁여성시배경항쟁작대비，돌출성시배경항쟁적특점；종항쟁적정감기출、정영역량、약조직화화호동과정사개방면대성시적배경항쟁진행건구；종항쟁역량、제도화인소、발전관념화사회역량사개방면분석당전배경항쟁소면림적일계렬곤경。배육공민사회、경신지방정부적발전관념、가강사회과학여자연과학화관이과학지간적교차연구등시응대당전곤경최근본적출로。
Urbanization is the inevitable choice of the economic and social development.With the rapid development of China’s urbanization,however,a series of ecological environmental problems such as water pollution,air pollution,solid waste pollution and noise pollution occur one by one in urban areas.Meanwhile,environmental protests constantly emerge in the process of urbanization with the increase of environmental awareness and the more requirements for the living environ-mental quality.Based on the published literatures,the present paper compared the foreign environmental protests with do-mestic rural and urban environmental actions,and highlighted the characteristics of China’s urban environmental actions. And in turn,the urban environmental actions were constructed based on the emotional foundation,the elite power,the weak organization and the interaction of protests.In addition,a series of dilemmas about current environmental protests were ana-lyzed from four aspects as the protest power,institutional factors,development concept and social forces.It was suggested that the fundamental way to solve all the current dilemmas need to cultivate civil society,update the development concept of the local governments,and conduct the integrated multiple research through social science,natural science and management science.
