上海农业学报
上海農業學報
상해농업학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE SHANGHAI
2014年
3期
106-112
,共7页
大樱桃%暖冬地区%需冷量%胚败育%花芽分化
大櫻桃%暖鼕地區%需冷量%胚敗育%花芽分化
대앵도%난동지구%수랭량%배패육%화아분화
Prunus avium L.%Warm winter region%Chilling requirement%Embryo abortion%Flower bud differentiation
从栽培管理(品种选择、土肥水管理、整形修剪、授粉品种配置、生长调节剂的使用、设施栽培)和树体特性(需冷量、光合特性、夏季高温和降水对花芽分化和雌、雄配子发育进程的影响)两方面分别阐述了长江中下游的暖冬地区大樱桃的结果习性,分析了大樱桃引种过程中发生“花而不实”、坐果率低下、花器官畸形率异常偏高的原因,以期为长江以南温暖地区大樱桃引种及高效优质栽培提供理论依据,并为广大南方地区大樱桃的引种和推广栽培的可能方式和途径选择提供参考。
從栽培管理(品種選擇、土肥水管理、整形脩剪、授粉品種配置、生長調節劑的使用、設施栽培)和樹體特性(需冷量、光閤特性、夏季高溫和降水對花芽分化和雌、雄配子髮育進程的影響)兩方麵分彆闡述瞭長江中下遊的暖鼕地區大櫻桃的結果習性,分析瞭大櫻桃引種過程中髮生“花而不實”、坐果率低下、花器官畸形率異常偏高的原因,以期為長江以南溫暖地區大櫻桃引種及高效優質栽培提供理論依據,併為廣大南方地區大櫻桃的引種和推廣栽培的可能方式和途徑選擇提供參攷。
종재배관리(품충선택、토비수관리、정형수전、수분품충배치、생장조절제적사용、설시재배)화수체특성(수랭량、광합특성、하계고온화강수대화아분화화자、웅배자발육진정적영향)량방면분별천술료장강중하유적난동지구대앵도적결과습성,분석료대앵도인충과정중발생“화이불실”、좌과솔저하、화기관기형솔이상편고적원인,이기위장강이남온난지구대앵도인충급고효우질재배제공이론의거,병위엄대남방지구대앵도적인충화추엄재배적가능방식화도경선택제공삼고。
The fruiting habits of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)in warm winter regions as Yangtze River region were studied in terms of two aspects:First,cultivation and management such as cultivar selection,fertilizer,water and plant growth regulator management,trimming,pollination varieties deployment,facilities cultivation techniques;Second,intrinsic factors such as chilling requirement,photosynthetic characteristics,effects of high temperature and rainfall in summer on gametes development process and flower bud differentiation.The reasons of abnormal growth were analyzed,such as poor fruit set,abnormal flower organs and high irregular-fruit-rate,which could provide theoretical support for introduction and high efficiency cultivation of sweet cherry in Shanghai as well as other warm winter regions in southern China.