石油与天然气地质
石油與天然氣地質
석유여천연기지질
OIL & GAS GEOLOGY
2014年
3期
303-310
,共8页
箕状断陷%盆地结构%沉积体系%油藏类型%油气成藏%济阳坳陷
箕狀斷陷%盆地結構%沉積體繫%油藏類型%油氣成藏%濟暘坳陷
기상단함%분지결구%침적체계%유장류형%유기성장%제양요함
dustpan-shaped fault depression%basin structure%sedimentary system%reservoir type%petroleum accumula-tion%Jiyang Depression
中国大陆东部自进入地台活化阶段以来形成的诸如济阳坳陷等沉积盆地，主要表现为箕状断陷形式，剖面为典型的“断超结构”。其成因与太平洋板块向中国大陆俯冲，引起地壳拉张减薄，进而导致一系列断裂发生伸展活动有关；箕状断陷盆地陡坡带、洼陷带和缓坡带构造活动强度不同，受其控制的沉积体系及其组合，表现出与古地貌背景的对应性；受构造-沉积充填特征控制，盆地内圈闭类型、输导体系、成藏动力等成藏要素分布的有序性，决定了盆地油藏类型分布的有序性；不同构造岩相带成藏主控因素及其组合样式的差异性，衍生出区带油气富集与控藏模式的差异性。对应于不同区带的代表性隐蔽油气藏，陡坡带以砂砾岩体成岩封堵成藏模式为主，洼陷带以浊积扇体压力-隐蔽输导控藏模式为主，缓坡带以滩坝砂岩三元控藏模式为主。总之，中国东部古近纪箕状断陷盆地具有明显的石油地质“四性”特征，即箕状断陷盆地形成的必然性、沉积体系发育的对应性、油藏类型分布的有序性以及成藏主控因素的差异性。
中國大陸東部自進入地檯活化階段以來形成的諸如濟暘坳陷等沉積盆地，主要錶現為箕狀斷陷形式，剖麵為典型的“斷超結構”。其成因與太平洋闆塊嚮中國大陸俯遲，引起地殼拉張減薄，進而導緻一繫列斷裂髮生伸展活動有關；箕狀斷陷盆地陡坡帶、窪陷帶和緩坡帶構造活動彊度不同，受其控製的沉積體繫及其組閤，錶現齣與古地貌揹景的對應性；受構造-沉積充填特徵控製，盆地內圈閉類型、輸導體繫、成藏動力等成藏要素分佈的有序性，決定瞭盆地油藏類型分佈的有序性；不同構造巖相帶成藏主控因素及其組閤樣式的差異性，衍生齣區帶油氣富集與控藏模式的差異性。對應于不同區帶的代錶性隱蔽油氣藏，陡坡帶以砂礫巖體成巖封堵成藏模式為主，窪陷帶以濁積扇體壓力-隱蔽輸導控藏模式為主，緩坡帶以灘壩砂巖三元控藏模式為主。總之，中國東部古近紀箕狀斷陷盆地具有明顯的石油地質“四性”特徵，即箕狀斷陷盆地形成的必然性、沉積體繫髮育的對應性、油藏類型分佈的有序性以及成藏主控因素的差異性。
중국대륙동부자진입지태활화계단이래형성적제여제양요함등침적분지，주요표현위기상단함형식，부면위전형적“단초결구”。기성인여태평양판괴향중국대륙부충，인기지각랍장감박，진이도치일계렬단렬발생신전활동유관；기상단함분지두파대、와함대화완파대구조활동강도불동，수기공제적침적체계급기조합，표현출여고지모배경적대응성；수구조-침적충전특정공제，분지내권폐류형、수도체계、성장동력등성장요소분포적유서성，결정료분지유장류형분포적유서성；불동구조암상대성장주공인소급기조합양식적차이성，연생출구대유기부집여공장모식적차이성。대응우불동구대적대표성은폐유기장，두파대이사력암체성암봉도성장모식위주，와함대이탁적선체압력-은폐수도공장모식위주，완파대이탄패사암삼원공장모식위주。총지，중국동부고근기기상단함분지구유명현적석유지질“사성”특정，즉기상단함분지형성적필연성、침적체계발육적대응성、유장류형분포적유서성이급성장주공인소적차이성。
The sedimentary basins in eastern China ( like Jiyang Depression ) are characterized by dustpan-shape with mar-ginal faults and vertical overlapping architecture .These basins formed due to the subduction of Pacific Plate under China continent ,which caused crust stretching and thinning ,and further resulting in a series of extension of faults .In dustpan-shaped rift basin ,the tectonic intensity varies in different structural belts .Therefore,the sedimentary systems and their as-semblages under their control correspond well with the palaeogeomorphology .Due to the control of tectonic evolution and depositional characteristics ,the traps , carrier system and the accumulation dynamics show some orderliness of distribu-tion ,which determines the orderliness of reservoir type distribution .Secondly ,the differences of the major hydrocarbon ac-cumulation controlling factors and their assemblages between different structure belts generate the differences of hydrocar -bon accumulation and reservoir patterns between different plays .Moreover,different types of subtle reservoirs are deve-loped at different structural belts .Specifically ,conglomerate fan reservoirs in the steep slope belt show hydrocarbon accu-mulation pattern featured by diagenetic sealing .The turbidity fan reservoirs in the central-depression belt show the hydro-carbon accumulation pattern featured by pressure-subtle migration .And the beach-bar sand bodies in the gentle slope belt show hydrocarbon accumulation pattern featured by control of three elements ,i.e.faulted structures,effective reservoir, and formation fluid pressure .In conclusion ,the petroleum geologic features of the Paleogene dustpan-shaped rift basins in east China can be sum up as follows:regularity in the evolution of basin ,correspondence in sedimentary system ,orderli-ness of reservoir type distribution ,and difference in key factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation .
