CAJ | 학술논문

在乌金山适合地段沿海拔梯度设置11个样地，采用数量分类，对乌金山植物群落类型、物种组成和物种多样性的垂直分布格局进行调查。结果表明：（1）随着海拔的升高，森林群落依次为油松林、侧柏林、油松侧柏混交林、油松山桃山杏混交林、白皮松林、油松白皮松混交林。（2）11个样地中共调查到乔木13种，灌木16种，草本31种。（3）物种丰富度成明显的单峰分布格局，最大的丰富度出现在中海拔群落中。木本植物的物种丰富度随着海拔高度的增加而下降，草本植物的物种丰富度随着海拔高度的增加先增加后下降。（4）沿海拔梯度森林群落的最大树高、最大胸径、平均树高和平均胸径等群落结构均呈单峰分布格局。（5）α多样性沿海拔梯度变化趋势与物种丰富度相似，但没后者明显。β多样性随海拔的升高而有所降低，在低海拔较高。（6）在调查的海拔范围内，海拔梯度是影响植物群落分布的主要因子，坡度坡向为次要因子，海拔比坡度坡向对群落的结构特征、物种丰富度以及（α、β）多样性的影响更大，而在局部尺度上，人为干扰以及小地形导致的生境异质性对群落物种多样性有着重要影响。
재오금산괄합지단연해발제도설치11개양지，채용수량분류，대오금산식물군락류형、물충조성화물충다양성적수직분포격국진행조사。결과표명：（1）수착해발적승고，삼림군락의차위유송림、측백림、유송측백혼교림、유송산도산행혼교림、백피송림、유송백피송혼교림。（2）11개양지중공조사도교목13충，관목16충，초본31충。（3）물충봉부도성명현적단봉분포격국，최대적봉부도출현재중해발군락중。목본식물적물충봉부도수착해발고도적증가이하강，초본식물적물충봉부도수착해발고도적증가선증가후하강。（4）연해발제도삼림군락적최대수고、최대흉경、평균수고화평균흉경등군락결구균정단봉분포격국。（5）α다양성연해발제도변화추세여물충봉부도상사，단몰후자명현。β다양성수해발적승고이유소강저，재저해발교고。（6）재조사적해발범위내，해발제도시영향식물군락분포적주요인자，파도파향위차요인자，해발비파도파향대군락적결구특정、물충봉부도이급（α、β）다양성적영향경대，이재국부척도상，인위간우이급소지형도치적생경이질성대군락물충다양성유착중요영향。
Eleven sampling plots were established along an altitudinal gradient in Mt. Wujin, and the vertical distribution pattern of plant community, species composition, and species diversity were studied by using quantitative classification. The results show that (1)with the increase of altitude, the forest communities were mixed forest of Chinese pine forest, side of Berlin, Chinese pine and arborvitae mixed, pine Prunus davidiana wild apricot, White pine, Chinese pine and Pinus bungeana mixed; (2)A total of 13 kinds of trees,15 species of shrubs, and 31 kinds of herbs were recorded;(3)Unimodal distribution pattern of species richness is significant, and the biggest richness appears in the medium altitude. Woody plant species richness declined simultaneously with the increase of altitude, herbaceous plants of the species richness increased with the increase of altitude first and then declined;(4) With the increase of altitude, the maximum height, maximum DBH, average height and average DBH of trees all showed an increasing pattern ,and then a decreasing pattern with the increase of elevation; (5)The change trends of α diversity along an altitudinal gradient are similar to species richness, but not the latter obviously. β diversity have a rising trend in low altitude ;(6) Elevation within the scope of this study, elevation gradient are the main factors that affect the distribution of plant communities, slope to the secondary factors, on a local scale, human disturbance and habitat heterogeneity on small terrain have an important impact on species diversity.