CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨荔枝雌蕊不同发育状态及盛开不同时间的柱头可授性,以安良、桂味荔枝为试材,采用联苯胺-过氧化氢法及荧光显微镜检测雌蕊柱头的可授性,并观察了荔枝花粉在柱头的萌发过程。结果表明可以通过柱头的表观形态来判断可授状态。以花柱开裂程度判断,当花柱开裂夹角为45°~90°时,部分柱头已经具有可授性；当花柱完全打开,开裂角度为120°~180°时,处于最佳可授状态。以柱头颜色判断,当雌花完全盛开后,柱头颜色为白色时处于最佳可授状态,微变褐时仍处于可授状态,但当柱头全变褐时则不具可授性。雌花柱头可授状态可维持至少3 d。荔枝雌花授粉后2 h花粉在柱头上萌发,6 h花粉管逐步向花柱伸长,12 h花粉管到达花柱中部,24 h花粉管到达子房上部。
위탐토려지자예불동발육상태급성개불동시간적주두가수성,이안량、계미려지위시재,채용련분알-과양화경법급형광현미경검측자예주두적가수성,병관찰료려지화분재주두적맹발과정。결과표명가이통과주두적표관형태래판단가수상태。이화주개렬정도판단,당화주개렬협각위45°~90°시,부분주두이경구유가수성；당화주완전타개,개렬각도위120°~180°시,처우최가가수상태。이주두안색판단,당자화완전성개후,주두안색위백색시처우최가가수상태,미변갈시잉처우가수상태,단당주두전변갈시칙불구가수성。자화주두가수상태가유지지소3 d。려지자화수분후2 h화분재주두상맹발,6 h화분관축보향화주신장,12 h화분관도체화주중부,24 h화분관도체자방상부。
The stigma receptivity at different development periods was studied on Anliang and Geiwei litchi, and pol-len germination on stigma was observed. The apparence of stigma can be used to detect stigma receptivity. Part of stigma was receptive with the litchi style cracking angle of 45°-90°, and the stigma had the best receptivity with the style cracking angle of 120°-180°. When the female flowers was in full blossom and the stigma color was white, the stigma was in the op-timal pollination period;Light brown stigma was receptive, but totally brown stigma was unreceptive. The stigma receptivity lasted for at least 3 d. The pollen germinated on stigma 2 h after pollination, the pollen tube gradually elongated into the style 6 hours after pollination, reaching the middle of style 12 h after pollination, and the upper ovary 24 h after pollina-tion.