CAJ | 학술논문

为研究华北平原小麦、玉米一年两作区不同耕作方式和长期秸秆全量还田对夏玉米产量的影响，以郑单958(ZD958)、浚单20(JD20)、蠡玉16(LY16)、农大108(ND108)为材料，研究4个夏玉米品种在不同耕作方式和秸秆还田下的产量、干物质积累、叶面积指数、光合势、净同化率、粒叶比等生理指标。结果显示：前茬玉米秸秆粉碎覆盖免耕播种冬小麦及下茬小麦秸秆全量还田免耕种植夏玉米(双免)方式较前茬玉米秸秆不还田翻耕种植冬小麦及下茬小麦秸秆全量还田免耕种植夏玉米(翻免)方式平均增产13.8%，且较前茬玉米秸秆粉碎还田旋耕种植冬小麦及下茬小麦秸秆全量还田免耕种植夏玉米(旋免)方式平均增产6.8%；双免方式种植的玉米吐丝前、吐丝后干物质含量均高于其他2种耕作方式；双免种植的玉米群体叶面积指数从大喇叭口期开始明显优于旋免和翻免2种耕作方式；双免种植的玉米吐丝后光合势、净同化率均高于其他2种耕作方式；同时，双免种植方式的夏玉米具有较高的粒叶比。表明在华北平原连续多年种植小麦、玉米，双免耕作方式较翻免和旋免耕作方式对夏玉米具有较好的增产效果。
위연구화북평원소맥、옥미일년량작구불동경작방식화장기갈간전량환전대하옥미산량적영향，이정단958(ZD958)、준단20(JD20)、려옥16(LY16)、농대108(ND108)위재료，연구4개하옥미품충재불동경작방식화갈간환전하적산량、간물질적루、협면적지수、광합세、정동화솔、립협비등생리지표。결과현시：전치옥미갈간분쇄복개면경파충동소맥급하치소맥갈간전량환전면경충식하옥미(쌍면)방식교전치옥미갈간불환전번경충식동소맥급하치소맥갈간전량환전면경충식하옥미(번면)방식평균증산13.8%，차교전치옥미갈간분쇄환전선경충식동소맥급하치소맥갈간전량환전면경충식하옥미(선면)방식평균증산6.8%；쌍면방식충식적옥미토사전、토사후간물질함량균고우기타2충경작방식；쌍면충식적옥미군체협면적지수종대나팔구기개시명현우우선면화번면2충경작방식；쌍면충식적옥미토사후광합세、정동화솔균고우기타2충경작방식；동시，쌍면충식방식적하옥미구유교고적립협비。표명재화북평원련속다년충식소맥、옥미，쌍면경작방식교번면화선면경작방식대하옥미구유교호적증산효과。
Four summer-maize varieties, ZD958, JD20, LY16, and ND108 , were selected as materials to study the effect of different tillage modes and long-term total straw return on yield, dry matter production, leaf area index, photosyn-thesis potential, net assimilation rate, grain-leaf ratio of summer-maize in wheat-maize double cropping system of North China Plain. There were three tillage modes, non-tillage winter wheat planting after maize stalk mulching and non-tillage summer maize planting after wheat stalk returning( I) , winter wheat planting after tillage without maize stalk returning and non-tillage summer maize planting after wheat stalk return ( II) , and rotary-tillage winter wheat planting after maize stalk return and non-tillage summer maize planting after wheat stalk return(III). Mode Ⅰ achieved higher yield, 13. 8% more than mode Ⅱ and 6. 8% more than mode Ⅲ. Mode Ⅰ excelled modes Ⅱ and Ⅲ in pre-and post-silking dry matter contents, population leaf area index since large bell stage, post-silking photosynthesis potential, net assimilation rate, and grain-leaf ratio. In conclusion, summer maize yield under mode Ⅰ were higher than those under modes Ⅱ and Ⅲ.