CAJ | 학술논문

为了确定引起甘肃省苹果叶斑病的病原菌种类,对从甘肃省不同苹果产区苹果病叶上分离得到的2株病原菌 A1和 A2进行了形态学鉴定和株系间交叉保护作用研究.形态学鉴定结果表明：在PCA培养基上,A1菌落黑色,具明显的同心轮纹,第7天产孢量为3.5×105个/mL,分生孢子大小平均为38.8μm×9.6μm；A2菌落墨绿色,气生菌丝旺盛,第7天产孢量为3.0×105个/mL,分生孢子大小平均为35.2μm×9.4μm.分子生物学鉴定结果表明：菌株 A1和 A2与Alternariamali 的同源性均达到100%,并结合形态学、致病性和 ITS序列分析,将菌株 A1鉴定为A.mali强毒株系,即苹果斑点落叶病致病菌；菌株 A2鉴定为A.mali弱毒株系,即苹果轮斑病致病菌.A1和A2株系间交叉保护作用结果表明,菌株A2对A1表现出明显的交叉保护作用,能够显著降低 A1菌株对叶片的侵染能力.
위료학정인기감숙성평과협반병적병원균충류,대종감숙성불동평과산구평과병협상분리득도적2주병원균 A1화 A2진행료형태학감정화주계간교차보호작용연구.형태학감정결과표명：재PCA배양기상,A1균락흑색,구명현적동심륜문,제7천산포량위3.5×105개/mL,분생포자대소평균위38.8μm×9.6μm；A2균락묵록색,기생균사왕성,제7천산포량위3.0×105개/mL,분생포자대소평균위35.2μm×9.4μm.분자생물학감정결과표명：균주 A1화 A2여Alternariamali 적동원성균체도100%,병결합형태학、치병성화 ITS서렬분석,장균주 A1감정위A.mali강독주계,즉평과반점락협병치병균；균주 A2감정위A.mali약독주계,즉평과륜반병치병균.A1화A2주계간교차보호작용결과표명,균주A2대A1표현출명현적교차보호작용,능구현저강저 A1균주대협편적침염능력.
To clarify the pathogen species of apple leaf spot caused by Alternaria sp.in Gansu province, two main strains A1 and A2 were isolated from infected leaves of apple tree in different areas of Gansu.The pathogen species were identified and its cross protection was studied in this study.The morphology identifi-cation results showed that the colony of A1 on PCA medium was black,with a distinct commutatively con-centric rings,and the number of conidia were produced by 3.5 × 105 cfu/mL after 7 days,and the average size of conidia was 38.8μm× 9.6μm.The colony of A2 was dark green,but the aerial hyphae were stron-ger than A1 ,the number of conidia were produced by 3.0 ×105 cfu/mL after 7 days,the average size of conidia was 35.2×9.4μm.Meanwhile,they could cause similar symptoms in the field while were inocula-ted invitro,but the pathogenicity of A1 was stronger than A2 .The molecular identification results revealed that the sequence homologous rates of A1 and A2 were 100%,compared with A.mali.Combination of mor-phological,pathogenic characteristics and ITS sequence,the strain of A1 was identified as virulent strain and the pathogen of apple Altemnaria blotch,and A2 was identified as attenuated strain and the pathogen of the ring spot of apple.The cross protection results showed that A2 has obvious cross protection effects on A1 , and significantly reduced its infection.