CAJ | 학술논문

根据2012年5月、6月、7月上旬、7月下旬、8月、9月在黄河口海域进行的3断面15站位弓子网调查数据,对该海域无脊椎动物群落组成、优势种、生物量、多样性、群落相似性等群落特征进行了研究。结果表明,调查共出现无脊椎动物45种,隶属于9目29科39属,各航次调查种类数在28种至35种之间。纵肋织纹螺(Nassarius variciferus)、口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)、艾氏活额寄居蟹(Diogenes edwardsii)、葛氏长臂虾(Palaemon gravieri)和扁玉螺(Neverita didyma)是黄河口无脊椎动物群落的主要优势种。调查期间生物量和丰度的变化趋势基本相似,均呈现下降-上升-下降的趋势,生物量最高值出现在8月,丰度最高值出现在7月下旬。各航次调查Shannon-Wiener多样性在1.482~1.719,5月最低,6月最高。Bray-Curtis相似性和ANOSIM相似性分析表明相近航次间群落相似性较高,5月、6月群落与8月、9月群落差异显著。根据研究结果,可以得出以下结论：1)黄河口无脊椎动物群落以小型、低质种类为主,与20世纪80年代相比,资源质量进一步下降；2)与20世纪80年代相比,生物量月间分布发生明显变化；3)与断面A(距河口10 km)、断面C(距河口40 km)相比,断面B(距河口20 km)无脊椎动物生物量和多样性在各航次间波动剧烈且规律性较差,表明断面 B 的无脊椎动物群落受黄河水沙输入影响更大；4)调水调沙虽对黄河口无脊椎动物群落结构产生一定程度的影响,但不是导致无脊椎动物群落更替的主要因素。
근거2012년5월、6월、7월상순、7월하순、8월、9월재황하구해역진행적3단면15참위궁자망조사수거,대해해역무척추동물군락조성、우세충、생물량、다양성、군락상사성등군락특정진행료연구。결과표명,조사공출현무척추동물45충,대속우9목29과39속,각항차조사충류수재28충지35충지간。종륵직문라(Nassarius variciferus)、구하고(Oratosquilla oratoria)、애씨활액기거해(Diogenes edwardsii)、갈씨장비하(Palaemon gravieri)화편옥라(Neverita didyma)시황하구무척추동물군락적주요우세충。조사기간생물량화봉도적변화추세기본상사,균정현하강-상승-하강적추세,생물량최고치출현재8월,봉도최고치출현재7월하순。각항차조사Shannon-Wiener다양성재1.482~1.719,5월최저,6월최고。Bray-Curtis상사성화ANOSIM상사성분석표명상근항차간군락상사성교고,5월、6월군락여8월、9월군락차이현저。근거연구결과,가이득출이하결론：1)황하구무척추동물군락이소형、저질충류위주,여20세기80년대상비,자원질량진일보하강；2)여20세기80년대상비,생물량월간분포발생명현변화；3)여단면A(거하구10 km)、단면C(거하구40 km)상비,단면B(거하구20 km)무척추동물생물량화다양성재각항차간파동극렬차규률성교차,표명단면 B 적무척추동물군락수황하수사수입영향경대；4)조수조사수대황하구무척추동물군락결구산생일정정도적영향,단불시도치무척추동물군락경체적주요인소。
The Yellow River is the largest river in north China which greatly affects the environment of Bohai Sea. The freshwater input and suspended sediments have sustained the morphology and ecology of the river mouth, located in the northeastern modern Yellow River subaerial delta and was formed after the Yellow River shifted again at the north bank of the Qingshuigou course in June,1996. The water and sediment discharge regulation (WSDR) project has been carried out since 2002 by artificially releasing a large amount of water in a short time, which would affect the invertebrate community somewhat to some extent. In order to know the community structure and its seasonal changes of inverte-brate community, the characteristic such as species composition, dominant species, biomass distribution, diversity, and community similarity were studied. Survey were conducted in May, June, early July, late July, August and September, 2012. In the investigated area, 3 sections of 15 sample stations were set up. The distance of the estuary mouth to section A, section B and section C was 10, 20 and 40 km respectively. The 15 stations were radial distributed in the survey area. Data were collected using a beam trawl with a 2.5 m width and a 2 cm net mesh. The trawling speed was~3 knots and each tow lasted~30 min. The results showed that a total number of 45 species, which belongs to 9 orders, 29 class and 39 genus, were collected. The number of species was between 28 and 35 in each survey. Nassarius variciferus, Oratos-quilla oratoria, Diogenes edwardsii, Palaemon gravieri and Neverita didyma were the main species in Huanghe Estuary. Gastropods (a total biomass of 8.4%to 45.8%) and crabs (10.8%–58.6%) were the dominant category of invertebrate by biomass. The trends of seasonal change of biomass and abundance were most similar. Biomass was highest in August and abundance was highest in early July. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was between 1.482 (in May) and 1.719 (in June). The results of Bray-Curtis similarity and ANOSIM showed that community was more similarly in the adja-cent surveys. But the community in May and June was low similarly with that in August and September. According to the results, we can draw the following conclusions:1) The community was mainly dominated by small low-valued spe-cies. Compared with 1980s, the quality of invertebrate resources was further decline. 2) The seasonal distribution of biomass changed significantly compared with 1980s. 3) The biomass and diversity in section B was more fluctuant and irregular than that in section A and C. 4) Community structure of invertebrate was affected somewhat by WSDR project. But the community replacement was not affect significantly by WSDR. Further research, including the environmental factors and other sample methods, should be utilized.