CAJ | 학술논문

从广东省佛山市4个不同畜禽-鱼复合养殖场采集分离猪/鸭源、鱼源、水源、泥源气单胞菌(Aeromonas)共57株,通过 K-B 药敏纸片法,测定其对8类24种药物的敏感性；提取基因组 DNA,进行肠杆菌基因间重复序列PCR(ERIC-PCR)及脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分子分型。57株气单胞菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、利福平具有较高耐药率；不同菌株间存在耐药谱差异。57株气单胞菌通过ERIC-PCR分型,可分为24个基因型；采用PFGE分型可分为46个簇。两种分型方法均发现来源于同一养殖场的菌株存在相同或相似图谱的分离株,并且有相似的耐药谱,提示此为同一克隆株。实验结果表明, ERIC-PCR及PFGE分子分型技术均适用于气单胞菌的相关性分析及其耐药性克隆传播追踪；复合水产养殖环境有可能有利于耐药菌从畜禽向水产养殖环境转移。本研究通过对不同来源气单胞菌进行耐药性分析及溯源追踪,旨在为规范畜禽-鱼复合养殖模式用药及建立健康的水产养殖模式提供参考。
종광동성불산시4개불동축금-어복합양식장채집분리저/압원、어원、수원、니원기단포균(Aeromonas)공57주,통과 K-B 약민지편법,측정기대8류24충약물적민감성；제취기인조 DNA,진행장간균기인간중복서렬PCR(ERIC-PCR)급맥충장응효전영(PFGE)분자분형。57주기단포균대안변서림、아막서림/극랍유산、리복평구유교고내약솔；불동균주간존재내약보차이。57주기단포균통과ERIC-PCR분형,가분위24개기인형；채용PFGE분형가분위46개족。량충분형방법균발현래원우동일양식장적균주존재상동혹상사도보적분리주,병차유상사적내약보,제시차위동일극륭주。실험결과표명, ERIC-PCR급PFGE분자분형기술균괄용우기단포균적상관성분석급기내약성극륭전파추종；복합수산양식배경유가능유리우내약균종축금향수산양식배경전이。본연구통과대불동래원기단포균진행내약성분석급소원추종,지재위규범축금-어복합양식모식용약급건립건강적수산양식모식제공삼고。
Integrated fish farming is commonly practiced in Guangdong Province in South China. Animal manure gen-erated from livestock and poultry (commonly pigs and ducks) is directly excreted into, or transported via pipes, to fish ponds where the nutrients support the growth of photosynthetic organisms. The use of a wide variety of antimicrobials in livestock and poultry has led to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Thus, there is concern over the potential for transfer of these bacteria into the integrated culture systems. Our objective was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and homology of Aeromonas isolated from integrated fish farms. Fifty-seven Aeromonas were isolated from pig/duck waste, fish, pond water, and sediments from four integrated fish farms in Guangdong Province. We used the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to determine the susceptibilities to 8 classes of 24 antimicrobials. The genomic DNA of the isolates was extracted and the molecular typing was analyzed by entero bacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).The resistance frequencies of ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, and rifampicin were relatively high in the 57 Aeromonas isolates, and the resistance profiles varied among the different isolates. The Aeromonas isolates were grouped into 24 clusters by ERIC-PCR and 46 clus-ters by PFGE. Isolates from different sources within the same integrated fish farm exhibited similar or identical geno-typing patterns between the two molecular typing methods, and they were also associated with similar resistance pat-terns suggesting they were homologous. Our results suggest that ERIC-PCR and PFGE have use for analysis of clonal relationships and tracing of the source of resistance in Aeromonas. Integrated fish farming systems appear to be suscep-tible to the transfer of drug-resistant bacterial strains from livestock and poultry to fish or the environment. The impact of antimicrobial resistance in the fish was not addressed in this study and remains to be determined.