中国水产科学
中國水產科學
중국수산과학
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
2014年
4期
759-768
,共10页
殷海成%杨东辉%贾峰%黄进%张勇
慇海成%楊東輝%賈峰%黃進%張勇
은해성%양동휘%가봉%황진%장용
酵母β-葡聚糖%黄河鲤%免疫%嗜水气单胞菌
酵母β-葡聚糖%黃河鯉%免疫%嗜水氣單胞菌
효모β-포취당%황하리%면역%기수기단포균
yeastβ-glucan%Cyprinus (Cyprinus) carpio haematopterus%immune%Aeromonas hydrophila
本研究旨在探讨酵母β-葡聚糖在饲料中添加或注射或制成β-葡聚糖-嗜水气单胞菌油乳剂灭活疫苗(β-AH)对黄河鲤[Cyprinus (Cyprinus) carpio haematopterus]免疫应答及嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)攻毒后的抵抗能力。选择体质量为(32.33±0.21) g的健康黄河鲤1800尾,随机分为12组(Ⅰ-Ⅻ),每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。分别饲喂添加0(Ⅰ、Ⅶ-Ⅻ组)和150、300、450、600和750 mg/kg的β-葡聚糖的基础日粮(Ⅱ-Ⅵ组)、注射每千克体质量150 mg、450 mg、750 mgβ-葡聚糖(Ⅶ-Ⅸ组)和注射β-AH(1.50 g/L、4.50 g/L和7.50 g/L,Ⅹ-Ⅻ组),进行为期42 d实验。于实验的第7、14、28、35、42天取样,测定各组血液白细胞吞噬指数(PI)、血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性及凝集抗体效价。第43天,各组选取50尾,每组再分2小组,每小组25尾,进行2×LD50嗜水气单胞菌攻毒实验,计算14 d内相对免疫保护率(relative percent survival, RPS)。结果表明,3种方式使用β-葡聚糖均显著提高黄河鲤的PI、LZM活性和RPS。饲料中添加450 mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,35 d黄河鲤的PI和LZM活性最大,而且RPS也最好,然而凝集抗体效价无显著影响；添加750 mg/kg的β-葡聚糖对黄河鲤的PI和LZM产生抑制效应,但凝集抗体效价增强。注射β-葡聚糖和β-AH组的LZM、PI和投喂结果相似且凝集抗体效价明显增高,35 d 达到最大,但是注射高剂量的组PI、LZM对比中等剂量组偏低。攻毒实验显示,投喂β-葡聚糖剂量在150~450 mg/kg时RPS显著提高,再增加反而降低,最大RPS为85.46±7.71。注射β-葡聚糖, RPS随剂量增大而提高,最大为92.96±2.89。注射β-AH显示良好的免疫保护作用,各组间无显著差异。黄河鲤饲料中β-葡聚糖的适宜添加量为450 mg/kg,腹腔注射葡聚糖和β-AH,可以明显提高其免疫力和抗嗜水气单胞菌感染的能力。
本研究旨在探討酵母β-葡聚糖在飼料中添加或註射或製成β-葡聚糖-嗜水氣單胞菌油乳劑滅活疫苗(β-AH)對黃河鯉[Cyprinus (Cyprinus) carpio haematopterus]免疫應答及嗜水氣單胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)攻毒後的牴抗能力。選擇體質量為(32.33±0.21) g的健康黃河鯉1800尾,隨機分為12組(Ⅰ-Ⅻ),每組3箇重複,每箇重複50尾。分彆飼餵添加0(Ⅰ、Ⅶ-Ⅻ組)和150、300、450、600和750 mg/kg的β-葡聚糖的基礎日糧(Ⅱ-Ⅵ組)、註射每韆剋體質量150 mg、450 mg、750 mgβ-葡聚糖(Ⅶ-Ⅸ組)和註射β-AH(1.50 g/L、4.50 g/L和7.50 g/L,Ⅹ-Ⅻ組),進行為期42 d實驗。于實驗的第7、14、28、35、42天取樣,測定各組血液白細胞吞噬指數(PI)、血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性及凝集抗體效價。第43天,各組選取50尾,每組再分2小組,每小組25尾,進行2×LD50嗜水氣單胞菌攻毒實驗,計算14 d內相對免疫保護率(relative percent survival, RPS)。結果錶明,3種方式使用β-葡聚糖均顯著提高黃河鯉的PI、LZM活性和RPS。飼料中添加450 mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,35 d黃河鯉的PI和LZM活性最大,而且RPS也最好,然而凝集抗體效價無顯著影響；添加750 mg/kg的β-葡聚糖對黃河鯉的PI和LZM產生抑製效應,但凝集抗體效價增彊。註射β-葡聚糖和β-AH組的LZM、PI和投餵結果相似且凝集抗體效價明顯增高,35 d 達到最大,但是註射高劑量的組PI、LZM對比中等劑量組偏低。攻毒實驗顯示,投餵β-葡聚糖劑量在150~450 mg/kg時RPS顯著提高,再增加反而降低,最大RPS為85.46±7.71。註射β-葡聚糖, RPS隨劑量增大而提高,最大為92.96±2.89。註射β-AH顯示良好的免疫保護作用,各組間無顯著差異。黃河鯉飼料中β-葡聚糖的適宜添加量為450 mg/kg,腹腔註射葡聚糖和β-AH,可以明顯提高其免疫力和抗嗜水氣單胞菌感染的能力。
본연구지재탐토효모β-포취당재사료중첨가혹주사혹제성β-포취당-기수기단포균유유제멸활역묘(β-AH)대황하리[Cyprinus (Cyprinus) carpio haematopterus]면역응답급기수기단포균(Aeromonas hydrophila)공독후적저항능력。선택체질량위(32.33±0.21) g적건강황하리1800미,수궤분위12조(Ⅰ-Ⅻ),매조3개중복,매개중복50미。분별사위첨가0(Ⅰ、Ⅶ-Ⅻ조)화150、300、450、600화750 mg/kg적β-포취당적기출일량(Ⅱ-Ⅵ조)、주사매천극체질량150 mg、450 mg、750 mgβ-포취당(Ⅶ-Ⅸ조)화주사β-AH(1.50 g/L、4.50 g/L화7.50 g/L,Ⅹ-Ⅻ조),진행위기42 d실험。우실험적제7、14、28、35、42천취양,측정각조혈액백세포탄서지수(PI)、혈청용균매(LZM)활성급응집항체효개。제43천,각조선취50미,매조재분2소조,매소조25미,진행2×LD50기수기단포균공독실험,계산14 d내상대면역보호솔(relative percent survival, RPS)。결과표명,3충방식사용β-포취당균현저제고황하리적PI、LZM활성화RPS。사료중첨가450 mg/kgβ-포취당,35 d황하리적PI화LZM활성최대,이차RPS야최호,연이응집항체효개무현저영향；첨가750 mg/kg적β-포취당대황하리적PI화LZM산생억제효응,단응집항체효개증강。주사β-포취당화β-AH조적LZM、PI화투위결과상사차응집항체효개명현증고,35 d 체도최대,단시주사고제량적조PI、LZM대비중등제량조편저。공독실험현시,투위β-포취당제량재150~450 mg/kg시RPS현저제고,재증가반이강저,최대RPS위85.46±7.71。주사β-포취당, RPS수제량증대이제고,최대위92.96±2.89。주사β-AH현시량호적면역보호작용,각조간무현저차이。황하리사료중β-포취당적괄의첨가량위450 mg/kg,복강주사포취당화β-AH,가이명현제고기면역력화항기수기단포균감염적능력。
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of yeast β-glucan (Angel Yeast Co., Ltd, Yichang, China) either by orally (in feed) and injection or β-glucan and Aeromonas hydrophila emulsion-oil vaccine (β-AH) on the immune response and its protection against an infection of the bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila in Cypri-nus (Cyprinus) carpio haematopterus. And 1 800 healthy C. (C.) c. haematopterus with body weight of (32.33±0.21) g were selected, and randomly divided into 12 And groups (Ⅰ–Ⅻ) with 3 replicates in each group and 50 fish in each replicate. Five levels (150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 mg/kg) of β-glucan were added in the diets of Ⅱ–Ⅵ groups, and controlⅠand Ⅶ–Ⅻ groups were fed with basal diet (0 mg/kg β-glucan), respectively. On the first day (00:00) before the experiment, three different dosages of β-glucan of 150, 450, 750 mg/kg(body weight) of fish were injected intrap-eritoneally to the C. (C.) carpio haematopterus of Ⅶ–Ⅻ groups. Similar, yeast β-glucan was administrated by injection with inactive vaccine which was prepared in carp-derived A. hydrophila and oil emulsion forⅩ,Ⅺ and Ⅻ groups in three doses (1.50 g/L, 4.50 g/L和7.50 g/L) respectively. On the 7 th, 14 th, 28 th, 35 th, and 42 th days of the experiment, LZM, PI and agglutinating antibody titer were determined. On days 43 and 50 the fish were selected and divided into two subgroups under each treatment group for challenge with 2×LD50 concentration of A. hydrophila (44 th day) and subsequently, RPS was recorded on day14 post challenge. The results showed that LZM and PI rose to their highest levels on day 35, and the highest protection in the challenge study after feeding with the diet containing 450 mg (yeastβ-glucan)?kg?1(diet), however, there was no significant difference in agglutinating antibody titre of C. (C.) carpio haematopterus. On the contrary, the result was observed depressed those parameters in fish feeding with the diet con-taining 750 mg/kg( yeastβ-glucan). The C. (C.) carpio haematopterus injectedβ-glucan andβ-AH significant enhanced the LZM, PI, agglutinating antibody titre and RPS than control and test fish fed with diets supplementedβ-glucan. The results indicated that those parameters rose to their highest levels on 35 days at a medium dose. Injection of high-doseβ-glucan andβ-AH LZM, PI, agglutinating antibody titre and RPS in 42 d gradually strengthen contrast medium. The challenge by 2×LD50 A. hydrophila result showed that the RPS was significantly increased with increasing dietaryβ-glucan up to 450 mg/kg (85.46±7.71, P<0.05), but there were no significant differences forβ-glucan 450 mg/kg to 600 mg/kg (P>0.05), and decreased thereafter with further increases in dietaryβ-glucan. Compared to the dietary sup-plementation, does injected with β-glucan and β-AH had increased RPS. The best RPS of fish was obtained at 450 mg/kg or 4.50 g/L respectively. It could be concluded that the yeastβ-glucan can be used as immunostimulants and en-hancement of immunity and survival of the C. (C.) carpio haematopterus.
