中国水产科学
中國水產科學
중국수산과학
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
2014年
4期
736-746
,共11页
苏彦平%陈修报%刘洪波%武秀国%杨健
囌彥平%陳脩報%劉洪波%武秀國%楊健
소언평%진수보%류홍파%무수국%양건
背角无齿蚌%幼蚌%食物组成%藻类
揹角無齒蚌%幼蚌%食物組成%藻類
배각무치방%유방%식물조성%조류
Anodonta woodiana%juvenile stage%diet composition%algae
选取不同生长阶段(1.5月龄,2.5月龄,6月龄)的背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana)幼蚌,通过生物学解剖对其消化道内容物中的藻类组成进行研究。结果显示,不同月龄幼蚌食物中藻类组成均以蓝藻、绿藻为主。随幼蚌个体发育,检出的藻种类数逐渐增多(1.5月龄仅11种,2.5月龄13种,6月龄37种)。在1.5月龄幼蚌食物中藻类主要优势种为微小色球藻(Chroococcus minutus)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)和微小四角藻(Tetra?dron minimum);2.5月龄幼蚌食物中藻类主要优势种为小球藻、微小四角藻和银灰平裂藻(Merismopedia glauca);6月龄幼蚌食物中藻类主要优势种为银灰平裂藻、小球藻和直径较大的四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricanda)。微小四角藻在6月龄幼蚌消化道前后端的出现频率差异显著(P<0.05),反映出较高的利用强度。上述结果可为突破饵料“瓶颈”,建成标准化养殖背角无齿蚌实验动物种群提供科学依据,同时可为研究其他淡水经济蚌类的饵料藻类,以促进其人工繁育及资源恢复提供借鉴和参考。
選取不同生長階段(1.5月齡,2.5月齡,6月齡)的揹角無齒蚌(Anodonta woodiana)幼蚌,通過生物學解剖對其消化道內容物中的藻類組成進行研究。結果顯示,不同月齡幼蚌食物中藻類組成均以藍藻、綠藻為主。隨幼蚌箇體髮育,檢齣的藻種類數逐漸增多(1.5月齡僅11種,2.5月齡13種,6月齡37種)。在1.5月齡幼蚌食物中藻類主要優勢種為微小色毬藻(Chroococcus minutus)、小毬藻(Chlorella vulgaris)和微小四角藻(Tetra?dron minimum);2.5月齡幼蚌食物中藻類主要優勢種為小毬藻、微小四角藻和銀灰平裂藻(Merismopedia glauca);6月齡幼蚌食物中藻類主要優勢種為銀灰平裂藻、小毬藻和直徑較大的四尾柵藻(Scenedesmus quadricanda)。微小四角藻在6月齡幼蚌消化道前後耑的齣現頻率差異顯著(P<0.05),反映齣較高的利用彊度。上述結果可為突破餌料“瓶頸”,建成標準化養殖揹角無齒蚌實驗動物種群提供科學依據,同時可為研究其他淡水經濟蚌類的餌料藻類,以促進其人工繁育及資源恢複提供藉鑒和參攷。
선취불동생장계단(1.5월령,2.5월령,6월령)적배각무치방(Anodonta woodiana)유방,통과생물학해부대기소화도내용물중적조류조성진행연구。결과현시,불동월령유방식물중조류조성균이람조、록조위주。수유방개체발육,검출적조충류수축점증다(1.5월령부11충,2.5월령13충,6월령37충)。재1.5월령유방식물중조류주요우세충위미소색구조(Chroococcus minutus)、소구조(Chlorella vulgaris)화미소사각조(Tetra?dron minimum);2.5월령유방식물중조류주요우세충위소구조、미소사각조화은회평렬조(Merismopedia glauca);6월령유방식물중조류주요우세충위은회평렬조、소구조화직경교대적사미책조(Scenedesmus quadricanda)。미소사각조재6월령유방소화도전후단적출현빈솔차이현저(P<0.05),반영출교고적이용강도。상술결과가위돌파이료“병경”,건성표준화양식배각무치방실험동물충군제공과학의거,동시가위연구기타담수경제방류적이료조류,이촉진기인공번육급자원회복제공차감화삼고。
The composition and variation of dietary algae were studied with swan mussels Anodonta woodiana at dif-ferent juvenile (1.5-month-old, 2.5-month-old and 6-month-old) stages. The results showed that Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were the major components. The number of dietary algal species in the mussels tended to increase over the juvenile stages (i, e., 11 species at 1.5-month-old, 13 species at 2.5-month-old, and 37 species at 6-month-old). The dominant algal species in 1.5-month-old juveniles were Chroococcus minutus, Chlorella vulgaris and Tetra?dro mini-mum, while those in 2.5-month-old juveniles were C. vulgaris, T. minimum, and Merismopedia glauca. Besides C. vul-garis and M. glauca, some large algae (e.g., Scenedesmus quadricanda) could be found in the dominant algae species of 6-month-old juveniles. The quantity of T. minimum was significantly different between the fore-intestine and hind-intestine in 6-month-old juveniles (P<0.05), reflecting a possibly high bioavailability. The aforementioned results provide important scientific basis to break the dietary algae“bottleneck”for ongoing establishment of the standardized culture A. woodiana population, and also for the artificial culture and resource enhancement of other freshwater mussels.