CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析医院获得性压疮发生的原因和特点，并探讨其对策。方法：回顾分析某三级甲等综合性医院2012～2013年上报的69例院内发生压疮事件，对压疮发生的年龄、部位、科室、分级、预后及发生原因进行分析。结果：医院获得性压疮发生率排序前三位年龄范围分别为89岁以上、80～89岁及70～79岁；前三位压疮部位分别为骶尾部、足跟及髂嵴；前三位科室分别为ICU、肿瘤内科及神经外科。根据上报性质不同，住院病人HAPU分为两大类，一类为预报难免压疮后发生，第二类为未预报发生；预报难免压疮后发生的HAPU分级严重度低于未预报后发生的病人，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），两者预后差异无明显统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。病人自身存在高危因素是导致预报难免压疮后发生HAPU的主要原因，而预防重视不够、措施不到位是导致未预报后发生HAPU的主要原因。结论：护理管理者应提高护士的压疮风险预测及评估意识，并根据HAPU发生的特点制定针对性的预防措施。
목적：분석의원획득성압창발생적원인화특점，병탐토기대책。방법：회고분석모삼급갑등종합성의원2012～2013년상보적69례원내발생압창사건，대압창발생적년령、부위、과실、분급、예후급발생원인진행분석。결과：의원획득성압창발생솔배서전삼위년령범위분별위89세이상、80～89세급70～79세；전삼위압창부위분별위저미부、족근급가척；전삼위과실분별위ICU、종류내과급신경외과。근거상보성질불동，주원병인HAPU분위량대류，일류위예보난면압창후발생，제이류위미예보발생；예보난면압창후발생적HAPU분급엄중도저우미예보후발생적병인，차이유통계학의의（P＜0．05），량자예후차이무명현통계학의의（ P＞0．05）。병인자신존재고위인소시도치예보난면압창후발생HAPU적주요원인，이예방중시불구、조시불도위시도치미예보후발생HAPU적주요원인。결론：호리관리자응제고호사적압창풍험예측급평고의식，병근거HAPU발생적특점제정침대성적예방조시。
Objective:To analyze the causes and characteristics of hospital-acquired pressure ulcer,and explore preventive strategies for prevention of this incidence.Methods:The incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcer(HAPU) was retrospectively analyzed in 69 inpatients reported between 2012 and 2013 in a grade A class Ⅲ hospital,with regard to the age levels,locations,units,degrees,prognosis and root causes.Results:According to the incidence rate of hospital-acquired pressure ulcer,the top three age levels were older than 89 years,range in age from 80 to 89 years and 70 to 79 years.The locations were associated with sacrococcygeal region,heel and iliac crest,and the prevalence was most in Intensive Care Unit (ICU),Oncology Dept.and Neurosur-gical Dept.By the report categories,one incidence of HAPU was involved in under-estimation and the second in failure submission ,and the degrees of the former incidence was less severe than latter,which had statistical difference(P<0.05),whereas the prognosis of the two was not significant(P>0.05). The under-estimated incidence of the HAPU was primarily associated with the highly underlying risk factors of the patients ,and the failure submission with inadequate attention and insufficient measures.Conclusion:Nursing administrators should improve the awareness of the nurses′in estimating the risk fac-tors and potential incidence of HAPU,and direct preventive measures in practice on the incidence nature basis.