干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
4期
242-249,274
,共9页
陕西省%干旱动态监测%干旱指数%干旱过程
陝西省%榦旱動態鑑測%榦旱指數%榦旱過程
합서성%간한동태감측%간한지수%간한과정
Shaanxi Province%dynamic drought-monitoring%drought index%drought process
运用陕西省96个站1981-2012年近32年的逐日气温、降水、风速、相对湿度等资料，分别计算出各站逐日（向前滚动30天）的三种干旱动态监测指数：降水距平百分率（ Pa ）、相对湿润干旱指数（MI）、标准化降水指数（SPI），并将陕西省按地域由北至南分为陕北、关中、陕南，按季节分为春（3-5月）、夏（6-8月）、秋（9-11月）、冬（12-2月），分别统计出不同干旱动态监测指数对应的干旱发生的频率并与历史记载中实际干旱情况进行比对，对三种干旱动态监测指数在陕西省的适用性进行分析。结果表明：夏季 MI指数得到的干旱频率最高，Pa指数最低，冬季 MI指数得到的干旱频率最低，Pa指数最高；在春、冬季节 Pa指数的适用性较好，在夏、秋季节 MI指数的适用性较好；陕西省夏季容易发生局地强降水，而在秋、冬季容易出现长时间的无降水，导致 SPI指数在夏、秋、冬季节的适用性不太好。
運用陝西省96箇站1981-2012年近32年的逐日氣溫、降水、風速、相對濕度等資料，分彆計算齣各站逐日（嚮前滾動30天）的三種榦旱動態鑑測指數：降水距平百分率（ Pa ）、相對濕潤榦旱指數（MI）、標準化降水指數（SPI），併將陝西省按地域由北至南分為陝北、關中、陝南，按季節分為春（3-5月）、夏（6-8月）、鞦（9-11月）、鼕（12-2月），分彆統計齣不同榦旱動態鑑測指數對應的榦旱髮生的頻率併與歷史記載中實際榦旱情況進行比對，對三種榦旱動態鑑測指數在陝西省的適用性進行分析。結果錶明：夏季 MI指數得到的榦旱頻率最高，Pa指數最低，鼕季 MI指數得到的榦旱頻率最低，Pa指數最高；在春、鼕季節 Pa指數的適用性較好，在夏、鞦季節 MI指數的適用性較好；陝西省夏季容易髮生跼地彊降水，而在鞦、鼕季容易齣現長時間的無降水，導緻 SPI指數在夏、鞦、鼕季節的適用性不太好。
운용합서성96개참1981-2012년근32년적축일기온、강수、풍속、상대습도등자료，분별계산출각참축일（향전곤동30천）적삼충간한동태감측지수：강수거평백분솔（ Pa ）、상대습윤간한지수（MI）、표준화강수지수（SPI），병장합서성안지역유북지남분위협북、관중、협남，안계절분위춘（3-5월）、하（6-8월）、추（9-11월）、동（12-2월），분별통계출불동간한동태감측지수대응적간한발생적빈솔병여역사기재중실제간한정황진행비대，대삼충간한동태감측지수재합서성적괄용성진행분석。결과표명：하계 MI지수득도적간한빈솔최고，Pa지수최저，동계 MI지수득도적간한빈솔최저，Pa지수최고；재춘、동계절 Pa지수적괄용성교호，재하、추계절 MI지수적괄용성교호；합서성하계용역발생국지강강수，이재추、동계용역출현장시간적무강수，도치 SPI지수재하、추、동계절적괄용성불태호。
Based on the meteorological data such as daily temperature ,precipitation ,wind speed and relative hu-midity from 1981 to 2012 at 96 meteorological stations in Shaanxi Province ,three daily dynamic drought-monitoring in-dexes ,including percentage of precipitation anomalies (Pa) ,standardized precipitation index (SPI) and relative mois-ture index ( MI ) ,were calculated for each station .By dividing the whole province geographically into north ,central and south Shaanxi ,and dividing the seasons into spring (March to May ) ,summer (June to August ) ,autumn (September to November ) and winter (December to January ) ,the corresponding drought occurrence frequency of different drought-mon-itoring indices was calculated and compared with the historical record of actual drought events ,so as to analyze the appli-cability of these drought-monitoring indexes in Shaanxi Province .The result showed that :(1 ) in summer ,the drought occurrence frequency obtained by MI was the highest while that obtained by Pa was the lowest , but in winter , the drought occurrence frequency obtained by MI was the lowest while that obtained by Pa was the highest ;(2 ) Pa was rela-tively suitable for spring and winter while MI was relatively suitable for summer and autumn ;(3 ) since Shaanxi was prone to strong precipitation in summer but long-term lack of precipitation in autumn and winter , SPI was not suitable for summer ,autumn and winter in Shaanxi Province .
