CAJ | 학술논문

采用克里金插值法对宝鸡某冶炼厂周边农田土壤中铅镉含量及形态空间分布特征进行了研究，并分析了土壤中铅镉总量及各形态含量与小麦中铅镉含量的相关性，目的在于为冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染的表征提供依据。结果表明，土壤中Pb形态的高低顺序为：残渣态＞有机硫结合态＞铁锰氧化态＞可交换态，Cd形态为：可交换态＞残渣态＞有机硫结合态＞铁锰氧化态。土壤中Pb总量及Pb、Cd铁锰氧化态在距离冶炼厂500 m处含量均显著高于1500 m和2500 m处，后两者之间无差异；而Cd总量及Pb、Cd可交换态、有机硫结合态和残渣态在三个采样距离并没有表现出显著性差异。克里金插值分析表明，除Pb可交换态外，Pb和Cd其余形态在一定程度上均显示出与风向的一致性。相关分析表明，土壤中Pb、Cd可交换态、铁锰氧化态与小麦Pb和Cd含量均有显著的相关性，表明冶炼厂周边旱地土壤中，Pb、Cd可交换态和铁锰氧化态都可能作为土壤重金属污染空间分布和有效性表征的指标。
채용극리금삽치법대보계모야련엄주변농전토양중연력함량급형태공간분포특정진행료연구，병분석료토양중연력총량급각형태함량여소맥중연력함량적상관성，목적재우위야련엄주변토양중금속오염적표정제공의거。결과표명，토양중Pb형태적고저순서위：잔사태＞유궤류결합태＞철맹양화태＞가교환태，Cd형태위：가교환태＞잔사태＞유궤류결합태＞철맹양화태。토양중Pb총량급Pb、Cd철맹양화태재거리야련엄500 m처함량균현저고우1500 m화2500 m처，후량자지간무차이；이Cd총량급Pb、Cd가교환태、유궤류결합태화잔사태재삼개채양거리병몰유표현출현저성차이。극리금삽치분석표명，제Pb가교환태외，Pb화Cd기여형태재일정정도상균현시출여풍향적일치성。상관분석표명，토양중Pb、Cd가교환태、철맹양화태여소맥Pb화Cd함량균유현저적상관성，표명야련엄주변한지토양중，Pb、Cd가교환태화철맹양화태도가능작위토양중금속오염공간분포화유효성표정적지표。
Aimed at providing the basis for characterization of heavy metals in contaminated soils ,the spatial distri-bution characteristics of total concentrations and forms of Pb ,Cd in the farmland soil nearby a smelter in Baoji City , Shaanxi Province were investigated by using Kriging interpolation method ,and the correlation between total concentrations and various forms of Pb ,Cd in soil and their concentrations in wheat was analyzed .The results showed that the concen-trations of various forms of Pb was sequenced as :residual form > organic-sulfide form > Fe-Mn oxide from > ex-changeable form ,while that of Cd was sequenced as :exchangeable form > residual form > organic-sulfide form > Fe-Mn oxide form .The concentrations of total Pb and Fe -Mn oxide form of Pb and Cd in soil samples at 500 m from the smelter were significantly higher than those at 1 500 m and 2 500 m ,but there was no significant difference between the later two distances .As for the concentrations of total Cd and the other three forms of Pb ,Cd ,there was no significant difference among the three sampling distances .The results of Kriging interpolation analysis showed that ,except for ex-changeable form of Pb ,the spatial distribution of other forms of Pb ,Cd corresponded to the characteristic of wind direc-tion in the research area .Correlation analysis showed that the exchangeable and Fe -Mn oxide forms of Pb ,Cd in soil samples were significantly correlated with concentrations of Pb ,Cd in wheat samples .Therefore ,the exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxide forms of Pb ,Cd in soil samples could both be used as the characterization indicators of heavy metal pollu-tion in drylands nearby a smelter .