CAJ | 학술논문

为了提高干旱半干旱地区水资源的利用率，加快生物降解膜的应用，以葡萄扦插苗为材料，在吐鲁番市二堡乡设置覆膜区和无覆膜区，其中覆膜区采用生物降解膜节水种植技术和3种不同膜（完全生物降解膜、半生物降解膜、普通膜）处理，持续观测90 d ，以无覆膜及覆膜区内普通膜为对照，分析生物降解膜作用下沙砾土壤含水量及葡萄幼苗生长的变化。结果表明：覆膜区比无覆膜区节水可达到60％；覆膜作用下可明显增加10～40 cm沙砾土层含水量，保水性能均高于无覆膜对照；覆膜区完全生物降解膜作用明显增加了葡萄幼苗的发芽数、叶片数、叶面积、新梢宽度生长量、新梢节数生长量；半生物降解膜明显增加了幼苗的发芽数、叶片数、叶面积、新梢叶片数生长量，但叶片多为展开的新叶，叶面积较小；普通膜明显增加了幼苗的发芽数、新梢节数生长量。覆膜对幼苗基径、新梢宽度、新梢长度、新梢节数及新梢叶片数、新梢长度生长量影响不显著。研究认为覆膜区完全生物降解膜不仅具有较好的保水性，还能促进大部分幼苗生长指标，综合效果最佳。
위료제고간한반간한지구수자원적이용솔，가쾌생물강해막적응용，이포도천삽묘위재료，재토로번시이보향설치복막구화무복막구，기중복막구채용생물강해막절수충식기술화3충불동막（완전생물강해막、반생물강해막、보통막）처리，지속관측90 d ，이무복막급복막구내보통막위대조，분석생물강해막작용하사력토양함수량급포도유묘생장적변화。결과표명：복막구비무복막구절수가체도60％；복막작용하가명현증가10～40 cm사력토층함수량，보수성능균고우무복막대조；복막구완전생물강해막작용명현증가료포도유묘적발아수、협편수、협면적、신소관도생장량、신소절수생장량；반생물강해막명현증가료유묘적발아수、협편수、협면적、신소협편수생장량，단협편다위전개적신협，협면적교소；보통막명현증가료유묘적발아수、신소절수생장량。복막대유묘기경、신소관도、신소장도、신소절수급신소협편수、신소장도생장량영향불현저。연구인위복막구완전생물강해막불부구유교호적보수성，환능촉진대부분유묘생장지표，종합효과최가。
Aimed at increasing the use efficiency of water resources in arid and semiarid areas , the effects of biodegradable film mulch on water content of sandy soil and growth of grape (Vitis vinifera L .) seedlings was investigated in Turpan ,Xinjiang ,China .There were 4 treatments in the experiment ,namely completely biodegradable film mulch , partly biodegradable film mulch ,ordinary film mulch and no mulch .The measurement was lasted for 90 days to compare soil water content and growth of grape seedlings among different treatments .The results showed that water could be saved by 60% in film mulch zone compared with no mulch zone .Film mulch could increase the water content of sandy soil in 10~40 cm depth remarkably ,thus presenting a water retention effect .Compared with no mulch ,the number of sprouts and leaves ,the leaf area ,and the diameter growth rate and node number of new shoots were increased under completely biodegradable film mulch ;the number of sprouts and leaves ,the leaf area and the growth rate of leaves on new shoots were increased under partly biodegradable film mulch ;and the number of sprouts and the growth rate of nodes on new shoots were increased under ordinary film mulch .The effect of all mulch treatments on the basal diameter of seedlings and the diameter ,length ,node number ,leaf number and length growth rate of new shoots were insignificant .It was conclud-ed that completely biodegradable film could not only bring about an obvious effect on soil water conservation ,but also in-crease most of the growth indicators ,so its comprehensive effect was the best .