海洋学报（中文版）
海洋學報（中文版）
해양학보（중문판）
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
2014年
8期
1-11
,共11页
丁言者%李飞%徐敏%黄晓龙%徐文健
丁言者%李飛%徐敏%黃曉龍%徐文健
정언자%리비%서민%황효룡%서문건
南通海域%水质%时空特征%动力地貌
南通海域%水質%時空特徵%動力地貌
남통해역%수질%시공특정%동력지모
inshore waters of Nantong%water quality%time and space characteristics%dynamic geomorphology
基于2012年5月、8月和10月3个航次水质环境调查资料，利用因子分析探讨南通近岸海域海水水质主要影响因素的空间分布特征；通过站位聚类分析进行了区域类别划分，并对各区的主要影响因素及其季节变化进行了分析。因子分析结果显示，南通近岸海域主要存在4种水质影响因素，总体表现为受近岸污染源的控制影响，其中 F1（NO-2-N、石油类）高值区位于冷家沙西北侧，是北上长江径流与外海水在冷家沙浅滩处相遇作用的结果；F2（DO、NO-3-N）体现了外海水进入的影响，其值由近岸向离岸逐渐增大；F3（COD、PO3-4-P）显示了河流输入的影响， F4（NH ＋4-N）体现了人为源的作用，两者高值区均分布于縀茶运河河口和长江口北侧。站位聚类分析显示，南通近岸海域可划分为5个类型区，其中 A 区（小洋口港近岸区域）受陆源河口排污影响，且所处水道尾部水文动力条件弱，污染严重；B 区（烂沙洋海域）受西侧相邻的河口排污区和近岸污染影响，在主要潮汐通道的强动力作用下，污染程度较轻；C 区（冷家沙区域）为 B、D两区之间的潮滩区，受到 B、D 两区域污染的综合影响；D 区（冷家沙南侧近岸海域）主要受近岸污染影响，为小庙洪和网仓洪的强动力控制区；长江入海携带污染物及水流扰动对 E 区（东南部离岸海域）有一定干扰。不同空间类型分区体现了区域动力地貌在海洋污染物分布中的强烈影响。
基于2012年5月、8月和10月3箇航次水質環境調查資料，利用因子分析探討南通近岸海域海水水質主要影響因素的空間分佈特徵；通過站位聚類分析進行瞭區域類彆劃分，併對各區的主要影響因素及其季節變化進行瞭分析。因子分析結果顯示，南通近岸海域主要存在4種水質影響因素，總體錶現為受近岸汙染源的控製影響，其中 F1（NO-2-N、石油類）高值區位于冷傢沙西北側，是北上長江徑流與外海水在冷傢沙淺灘處相遇作用的結果；F2（DO、NO-3-N）體現瞭外海水進入的影響，其值由近岸嚮離岸逐漸增大；F3（COD、PO3-4-P）顯示瞭河流輸入的影響， F4（NH ＋4-N）體現瞭人為源的作用，兩者高值區均分佈于縀茶運河河口和長江口北側。站位聚類分析顯示，南通近岸海域可劃分為5箇類型區，其中 A 區（小洋口港近岸區域）受陸源河口排汙影響，且所處水道尾部水文動力條件弱，汙染嚴重；B 區（爛沙洋海域）受西側相鄰的河口排汙區和近岸汙染影響，在主要潮汐通道的彊動力作用下，汙染程度較輕；C 區（冷傢沙區域）為 B、D兩區之間的潮灘區，受到 B、D 兩區域汙染的綜閤影響；D 區（冷傢沙南側近岸海域）主要受近岸汙染影響，為小廟洪和網倉洪的彊動力控製區；長江入海攜帶汙染物及水流擾動對 E 區（東南部離岸海域）有一定榦擾。不同空間類型分區體現瞭區域動力地貌在海洋汙染物分佈中的彊烈影響。
기우2012년5월、8월화10월3개항차수질배경조사자료，이용인자분석탐토남통근안해역해수수질주요영향인소적공간분포특정；통과참위취류분석진행료구역유별화분，병대각구적주요영향인소급기계절변화진행료분석。인자분석결과현시，남통근안해역주요존재4충수질영향인소，총체표현위수근안오염원적공제영향，기중 F1（NO-2-N、석유류）고치구위우랭가사서북측，시북상장강경류여외해수재랭가사천탄처상우작용적결과；F2（DO、NO-3-N）체현료외해수진입적영향，기치유근안향리안축점증대；F3（COD、PO3-4-P）현시료하류수입적영향， F4（NH ＋4-N）체현료인위원적작용，량자고치구균분포우가다운하하구화장강구북측。참위취류분석현시，남통근안해역가화분위5개류형구，기중 A 구（소양구항근안구역）수륙원하구배오영향，차소처수도미부수문동력조건약，오염엄중；B 구（란사양해역）수서측상린적하구배오구화근안오염영향，재주요조석통도적강동력작용하，오염정도교경；C 구（랭가사구역）위 B、D량구지간적조탄구，수도 B、D 량구역오염적종합영향；D 구（랭가사남측근안해역）주요수근안오염영향，위소묘홍화망창홍적강동력공제구；장강입해휴대오염물급수류우동대 E 구（동남부리안해역）유일정간우。불동공간류형분구체현료구역동력지모재해양오염물분포중적강렬영향。
Based on the water quality survey data of three seasons from 16 monitoring sites in 2012,factor analysis was used to study the main factors of water quality and their spatial distribution characteristics.By cluster analy-sis,we estimated the similarity of the sites and divided Nantong offshore into diverse areas.According to factor a-nalysis,there were four factors impacting water quality of Nantong nearshore.F1 was concentrated in the north-west of Lenjia Sandbank caused by the interactions of runoff of Changjiang River and water from open sea.The concentrations of F2 which reflect the effection of water from open sea in the nearshore part were lower than that in the offshore part.The areas with high-value of F3 which reflect the influence of river input and F4 which repre-sent anthropogenic source were distributed in the estuary of Bencha Canal and the Changjiang River.Nantong off-shore marine areas could be divided into 5 areas based on cluster analysis.District A adjacent to lands where river feeds into sea was heavily polluted because of its weak water dynamic condition.Pollution of district B covered tidal channel area was lighter.District C located between district B and district D was influenced by both of them.Dis-trict D which was under the control of intense water dynamic condition caused by Xiaomiaohong Channel and Wangcanghong Channel was influenced by land-based pollution.Pollutants and flows from the Changjiang River influenced district E to some extent.Different types of partitions indicated strong influence on pollutant distribution caused by regional hydrodynamic pattern.
