CAJ | 학술논문

国内外蔬菜移栽机核心工作部件均由不同功能的机构组合而成，以完成取苗、送苗和投苗等栽植动作。为简化机构提高移栽效率，该文提出一种以变性椭圆齿轮、正圆齿轮和共轭凸轮为传动机构的反转式蔬菜钵苗移栽机构，实现了用一套机构完成多个动作的要求。使蔬菜移栽机械达到自动、高效率（每行移栽效率可达到120株/min）的移栽水平。首先，在分析该移栽机构工作原理的基础上，建立该机构的运动学模型。然后基于Visual Basic6.0可视化编程软件，建立该机构的辅助分析与优化软件。最后，通过人机交互的优化方法，获得一组符合蔬菜钵苗移栽要求的结构参数，进行二维图纸绘制，三维模型建立，并导入ADAMS（automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems）软件中做虚拟仿真，与优化软件得到的结果进行对比分析验证理论的可行性，该研究可为蔬菜钵苗移栽机构的设计提供参考。
국내외소채이재궤핵심공작부건균유불동공능적궤구조합이성，이완성취묘、송묘화투묘등재식동작。위간화궤구제고이재효솔，해문제출일충이변성타원치륜、정원치륜화공액철륜위전동궤구적반전식소채발묘이재궤구，실현료용일투궤구완성다개동작적요구。사소채이재궤계체도자동、고효솔（매행이재효솔가체도120주/min）적이재수평。수선，재분석해이재궤구공작원리적기출상，건립해궤구적운동학모형。연후기우Visual Basic6.0가시화편정연건，건립해궤구적보조분석여우화연건。최후，통과인궤교호적우화방법，획득일조부합소채발묘이재요구적결구삼수，진행이유도지회제，삼유모형건립，병도입ADAMS（automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems）연건중주허의방진，여우화연건득도적결과진행대비분석험증이론적가행성，해연구가위소채발묘이재궤구적설계제공삼고。
The European Community is an international leader in dry field transplanting machines. The core working part of its vegetable transplanting machine is composed of 3 or 4 set of device generally, completes three movements of taking seedlings, transporting and planting, but it has the deficiency of complex structure, high cost and low efficiency. In order to simplify the structure, Japan’s vegetables pot seedling transplanting machine adopts two sets of institutions. It combines the seedling fetching device with conveying device as one, using a combination of rotary and slide mechanism to complete the complex movements of taking and deliverying seedlings. However, due to the addition of the slide mechanism, it greatly reduces the productivity, and the slide is easily worn after long hours of working. The working reliability can not be guaranteed. Transplanting machines in domestic application, most of them are semi automatic transplanting machines with low efficiency and high labor intensity. According to the above problems, an inverted vegetable pot seedling transplanting mechanism is proposed in this paper by using modified elliptical gear, cylindrical gear and conjugate cam as the transmission mechanism. The transplanting mechanism can meet the requirement for completing multiple actions by using a set of mechanisms, which simplifies the structure and improves the transplanting efficiency. The vegetable transplanting machine with this mechanism can reach the level of full automation and high efficiency. First of all, on the basis of analyzing the working principle of the transplanting mechanism, the kinematics model of the mechanism was established. Then an analysis and optimization software for the mechanism was developed with Visual Basic 6.0. Finally, a set of structural parameters were obtained by a human-interactive optimization method to meet the requirements of the vegetable pot seedling transplanting. 2D drawing and 3D model were established and imported to ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems) for simulation. The simulation results were compared with that obtained by the optimization software, which validated the theoretical analysis. The study can provide a reference for designing the vegetable pot seedling transplanting mechanism.