CAJ | 학술논문

蜻蜓飞行能力高超，其膜翅具有超强抵御负载能力，为了理解和向生物系统学习进而进行技术创新，该文以蜻蜓膜翅为研究对象，以研究蜻蜓膜翅仿生模型的静力学特性为目标，采用 ANSYS 有限元模拟软件对蜻蜓膜翅有限元模型进行分析，在模型中采用二节点管单元Pipe20模拟翅脉，四节点壳单元Shell43模拟翅膜。对蜻蜓膜翅有限元模型进行结构静力学分析，考察了模型在均布载荷、弯矩、扭矩作用下的变形和应力、应变情况。结果显示，蜻蜓膜翅模型在均布载荷、弯矩、扭矩作用下只发生了整体变形，且变形较小，说明蜻蜓膜翅在主翅脉与支翅脉的交界处变形一致，具有优越的整体性能。通过仿蜻蜓膜翅结构模型的建立以及对蜻蜓膜翅结构和功能相关性的分析，为设计具有较好承载能力的薄膜材料提供了新的思路。
청정비행능력고초，기막시구유초강저어부재능력，위료리해화향생물계통학습진이진행기술창신，해문이청정막시위연구대상，이연구청정막시방생모형적정역학특성위목표，채용 ANSYS 유한원모의연건대청정막시유한원모형진행분석，재모형중채용이절점관단원Pipe20모의시맥，사절점각단원Shell43모의시막。대청정막시유한원모형진행결구정역학분석，고찰료모형재균포재하、만구、뉴구작용하적변형화응력、응변정황。결과현시，청정막시모형재균포재하、만구、뉴구작용하지발생료정체변형，차변형교소，설명청정막시재주시맥여지시맥적교계처변형일치，구유우월적정체성능。통과방청정막시결구모형적건립이급대청정막시결구화공능상관성적분석，위설계구유교호승재능력적박막재료제공료신적사로。
A dragonfly can hover, flap its wings for flight and fly vertically for a short distance. The membranous wings of a dragonfly have a high load-bearing capacity for static and dynamic load during flight. The mass of the wings of a dragonfly is only 1%-2%of its whole body but the wings can stabilize its body. The statics properties of biomimetic models were researched. The finite element software ANSYS was used to simulate the dragonfly wing. The veins were simulated by pipe20 with two nodes and the membranes by shell43 with four nodes. The influence of geometrical nonlinearity was taken into account but material nonlinearity. The models were assumed in the elastic range. The three-dimensional model of the dragonfly wing was reconstructed using reverse engineering software Imageware. The veins of dragonfly wing were drawn with AutoCAD and the membranes were added with ANSYS. The finite element models imitating the dragonfly wing were established by using free meshing. The finite element models of the dragonfly wing were simulated with structural statics. The deformation, the stress and the strain of the models under loads were analyzed respectively. The loads include the uniform load, the bending moment and the torque. Under the uniform load, the deformation of the finite element model imitating a dragonfly wing is very small, and increases gradually from the base to the wing tip. The base of the model bears heavy stress, the middle parts smaller, and the wing tip the least. The strain shows a radial pattern along the longitudinal veins, and reduces gradually from the base to the wing tip of the model. Under the bending moment, the deformation and the rotation angle around y axis increase gradually from the base to the wing tip of the model. The heavy stress and strain are mainly concentrated on the base of the model. The small stress and strain are acted on the middle parts and the wing tip. The distribution trend of the stress and strain is in substantial agreement. Under the torque, the finite element model imitating a dragonfly wing deforms only a little as a whole. The heavy deformation is mainly concentrated on the leading edges and the rear edges of the model. The smaller deformation is acted on the middle parts and the least deformation on the base. The maximum stress and strain occur at the middle parts of the model. The minimum stress and strain occur at the base of the model. The dragonfly wing is a two-dimensional truss structure with excellent rigidity. The dragonfly wing deforms only a little under loads. It is shown that the grid structures of the dragonfly wing deforming together at the boundaries of veins and membranes have excellent integrity. The understanding of dragonfly wings’ characteristics provides some reference for improving the properties of two-dimensional composite materials through biomimetic designs.