CAJ | 학술논문

南黄海海相残留盆地广泛分布中古生代碳酸盐岩地层。盆地的油气勘探仍处于前景调查评价阶段。分析了研究区特殊地震地质条件造成的地震采集和处理所面临的诸多难点：地下地质构造复杂造成地震波场传播路径复杂多变，碳酸盐岩高速屏蔽层使得地震波向下传播的能量微弱，以及海洋作业环境等。针对地震资料多次波发育、深部目标层反射能量弱、信噪比低、成像精度低、资料品质差等困难和状况，提出了相应的勘探策略，如：加强理论模拟研究；采用多层震源延迟激发技术和“长排列、上下缆”的立体宽线接收技术，以拓宽频带、提高深部目标层反射能量；采用多次波压制技术以突出中深层弱反射；采用针对长排列的各向异性速度分析和各向异性叠前时间偏移以提高复杂构造成像能力等。
남황해해상잔류분지엄범분포중고생대탄산염암지층。분지적유기감탐잉처우전경조사평개계단。분석료연구구특수지진지질조건조성적지진채집화처리소면림적제다난점：지하지질구조복잡조성지진파장전파로경복잡다변，탄산염암고속병폐층사득지진파향하전파적능량미약，이급해양작업배경등。침대지진자료다차파발육、심부목표층반사능량약、신조비저、성상정도저、자료품질차등곤난화상황，제출료상응적감탐책략，여：가강이론모의연구；채용다층진원연지격발기술화“장배렬、상하람”적입체관선접수기술，이탁관빈대、제고심부목표층반사능량；채용다차파압제기술이돌출중심층약반사；채용침대장배렬적각향이성속도분석화각향이성첩전시간편이이제고복잡구조성상능력등。
Thick Paleozoic-Mesozoic marine carbonate strata are deep buried and wide distributed in the South Yellow Sea residual basin, in which oil and gas exploration is still in prospect investigation and evaluation stages. Analysis shows that there are many difficulties of seismic data acquisition and processing caused by the special seismic and geological conditions in this area, which are: the complex and changeable propagation path of seismic waves caused by complex geologic structures, the propagating-down seismic wave amplitude getting weak resulted by high-velocity carbonate shield layers, and poor environments of marine seismic work, and so on. Based on the complex difficulties and conditions such as seismic multiples, reflected amplitude weak and low SNR of deep target layers, the low-accuracy seismic imaging and the poor data quality, some corresponding strategies of exploration are put forward that: 1) going deep into study of theoretical simulation, 2) applying the time-lapse explosion of multilevel airgun array and the stereo broad-line reception by "expanding reflection spread and over/under streamers" to broaden the seismic bandwidth and promote the reflection energy of deep layers; 3) suppressing multiple waves to improve weak reflection energy of middle to deep target layers; 4) analyzing the anisotropic velocity for expanding reflection spread and the anisotropic pre-stack time migration to improve the ability of complex structure imaging.