CAJ | 학술논문

按照民航系统气象行业标准要求，结合乌鲁木齐国际机场的具体情况，给出乌鲁木齐机场东南大风的定义，并应用乌鲁木齐机场1978～2012年间逐时观测的风速风向对机场东南大风的特征进行分析，然后再引入水跃理论和Froude 数，对机场东南大风发生时的大气结构做解析。结果表明：（1）1980年代与2000年代至今，为东南大风的兴盛期，1990年代为东南大风的低值期；（2）东南大风主要集中出现在春秋季，其中尤以4月出现次数最多，占总出现次数的36．4％；（3）早晨至中午期间，东南大风多发且风速较大；午后至夜间，东南大风发生次数少，且风速也相对较小；（4）东南大风的持续时间以低于5 h为主，其次为持续11 h以上的大风，而持续时间在5～11 h之间的大风出现最少；（5）对于4月和11月而言，大风发生时达坂城与本场的气压差与同时次本场的温度垂直递减率存在显著的线性关系。
안조민항계통기상행업표준요구，결합오로목제국제궤장적구체정황，급출오로목제궤장동남대풍적정의，병응용오로목제궤장1978～2012년간축시관측적풍속풍향대궤장동남대풍적특정진행분석，연후재인입수약이론화Froude 수，대궤장동남대풍발생시적대기결구주해석。결과표명：（1）1980년대여2000년대지금，위동남대풍적흥성기，1990년대위동남대풍적저치기；（2）동남대풍주요집중출현재춘추계，기중우이4월출현차수최다，점총출현차수적36．4％；（3）조신지중오기간，동남대풍다발차풍속교대；오후지야간，동남대풍발생차수소，차풍속야상대교소；（4）동남대풍적지속시간이저우5 h위주，기차위지속11 h이상적대풍，이지속시간재5～11 h지간적대풍출현최소；（5）대우4월화11월이언，대풍발생시체판성여본장적기압차여동시차본장적온도수직체감솔존재현저적선성관계。
The southeast gale at Urumqi Airport was defined based on the civil aviation meteorological standards and the weather condi-tion of Urumqi International Airport (runway direction:07/25 ).The characteristics of southeast gales at Urumqi Airport were analyzed by using hourly wind data from 1978 to 2012 measured at the airport,meanwhile,the corresponding atmospheric structure was also an-alyzed by introducing the Hydraulic Jump theory and the Froude number.The results are summarized as follows:(1)From the 1980s to the 2000s,the southeast gales occurred frequently,while in the 1990s it occurred less.(2)The southeast gales occurred maily in spring and fall,and 36.4% of total occurrence times was in April.(3)In a day,from 07:00 to 14:00,the southeast gales occurred frequently and wind speed was relatively larger,while from afternoon to night,it occurred less and its wind speed was relatively small. (4)The durative time of a southeast gale was mainly less than five hours or more than 11 hours.(5)For April and November,there was a significant linear relationship between the vertical temperature lapse rate at the airport and the pressure gradient between Da-bancheng and Urumqi Airport when the southeast gale occurred.