CAJ | 학술논문

国家监护责任是国家基于监护的公益性与监护责任的社会连带性，对被监护人承担的补充责任、补充连带责任与连带责任，以实现监护制度保障被监护人生存权与发展权之法律价值。在亲权与监护二元一体的状态下，国家除承担监护监督责任外，还需对亲权监护缺位、监护不能、监护不力或不利等情形承担补充责任或补充连带责任。在亲权与监护二元分立状态下，国家为被监护人最大利益与亲权人对监护承担连带责任，以保有被监护人生存与发展所需的救助与福利。国家监护制度与特定国家的经济社会发展相适应，具有历史局限性、物质制约性并呈现社会类型和社会结构差异。在亲权与监护不断分离以及家庭保障功能社会化的背景下，通过立法确认国家监护责任的性质有助于健全亲权与监护的社会对接机制，强化国家监护责任的制度规范，增进被监护人利益和社会整体利益。
국가감호책임시국가기우감호적공익성여감호책임적사회련대성，대피감호인승담적보충책임、보충련대책임여련대책임，이실현감호제도보장피감호인생존권여발전권지법률개치。재친권여감호이원일체적상태하，국가제승담감호감독책임외，환수대친권감호결위、감호불능、감호불력혹불리등정형승담보충책임혹보충련대책임。재친권여감호이원분립상태하，국가위피감호인최대이익여친권인대감호승담련대책임，이보유피감호인생존여발전소수적구조여복리。국가감호제도여특정국가적경제사회발전상괄응，구유역사국한성、물질제약성병정현사회류형화사회결구차이。재친권여감호불단분리이급가정보장공능사회화적배경하，통과입법학인국가감호책임적성질유조우건전친권여감호적사회대접궤제，강화국가감호책임적제도규범，증진피감호인이익화사회정체이익。
The theoretical bases of State guardianship are welfare guardianship and joint responsibility for guardianship, on the grounds of which supplementary joint and several liabilities of State Guardianship have developed with the purpose of protecting the rights of existence and development of persons in guardianship. The State is expected to undertake joint guardianship and several liabilities in addition to guardianship supervision and assistance when parental rights and guardianship are one. The State, however, shoulders joint responsibility when there is a division between parental authority and guardianship in order to enhance the protection of the rights of existence and development of the persons in guardianship. The State guardianship system advances in accordance with the development of society. Therefore, its status and responsibilities differ in social type and structure. For the purpose of the best interests of the persons in guardianship, it’s suggested China recognize legally and consolidate joint state liabilities as well as developing an integrated social security system for State guardianship.