CAJ | 학술논문

提利用1981-2010年全国2400多个站的降水资料，分析了暴雨过程和暴雨日的年、季、月气候分布及变化特征，结果表明21世纪以来南方地区暴雨过程明显增多，但以短持续性强降水过程为主，尽管总暴雨日较多，但总降水量不及20世纪90年代。年（月）降水量与年（月）暴雨日数变化趋势基本一致，但在江南春雨阶段平均雨量大，暴雨日数相对较少。最大年暴雨日数分布与年平均暴雨日数分布极为相似，呈现出南多北少东多西少的特点，但数值上是平均暴雨日数的两倍，甚至更多，并且受地形影响，呈现出多中心特点。由于受影响的天气系统不同，即使是同一省的不同地区最大月平均暴雨日数出现的时间也不尽相同。2000年以后暴雨日数总体呈增加趋势，一年中暴雨开始时间早，结束晚，暴雨出现的时段较以往更长。在近年来极端降水事件及次生灾害频发的背景下，详细了解暴雨的年、季、月平均分布、最大值分布及时空变化特征，可以为定量强降水的预报提供更好的气候背景参考。
제이용1981-2010년전국2400다개참적강수자료，분석료폭우과정화폭우일적년、계、월기후분포급변화특정，결과표명21세기이래남방지구폭우과정명현증다，단이단지속성강강수과정위주，진관총폭우일교다，단총강수량불급20세기90년대。년（월）강수량여년（월）폭우일수변화추세기본일치，단재강남춘우계단평균우량대，폭우일수상대교소。최대년폭우일수분포여년평균폭우일수분포겁위상사，정현출남다북소동다서소적특점，단수치상시평균폭우일수적량배，심지경다，병차수지형영향，정현출다중심특점。유우수영향적천기계통불동，즉사시동일성적불동지구최대월평균폭우일수출현적시간야불진상동。2000년이후폭우일수총체정증가추세，일년중폭우개시시간조，결속만，폭우출현적시단교이왕경장。재근년래겁단강수사건급차생재해빈발적배경하，상세료해폭우적년、계、월평균분포、최대치분포급시공변화특정，가이위정량강강수적예보제공경호적기후배경삼고。
In term of precipitation data of 2400 stations from 1981 to 2010,annual,seasonal and monthly distribution and evolution characteristics of rainstorm were analyzed.The results show that the processes of rainstorm have been increased evidently since 21 century especially in the south of China,but the dura-tion is relatively short.Rainstorm days have been increased,but the amount of precipitation is not as much as in 1990s.Variation trend of the annual (monthly)precipitation amount is in accordance with that of rainstorm days,but rainfall is averagely more while the rainstorm days are less during spring rainfall phase over the south of Yangtze River.Distribution of the maximum annual rainstorm days is very similar with that of the annual mean rainstorm days,revealing the feature of more in south and east but less in north and west.Maximum annual rainstorm days are more than double of annual average rainstorm days with multi-centers due to the effect of topography.The months of maximum monthly rainstorm days over dif-ferent regions of the same province are incompletely same as the result of the impact of different weather systems.Generally,rainstorm days have been increased since 2000,rainstorm begins earlier,ends latter and lasts longer than before.Nowadays,as the extreme rainfall events and secondary disasters happen fre-quently,it is conducive for the forecast of quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF)to learn the spatio-temporal distribution and evolution features of rainstorm.