CAJ | 학술논문

无叶美冠兰是一种典型的腐生兰科植物,为揭示该物种的自然传粉机制,拓展对兰科植物生殖特性的认识,在广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区对其开展了传粉生态学观测研究.结果表明：无叶美冠兰花朵具备高度自交亲和能力,但不存在自动自花授粉机制,必须依赖外部传粉媒介把花粉送到柱头,实现有效传粉；绿彩带蜂是无叶美冠兰唯一有效传粉昆虫；传粉昆虫与花朵在与传粉功能相关的关键性状在形态上良好拟合；绿彩带蜂的访花活动主要发生在3个阶段：8．6％发生在9：00~11：30,80．2％发生在11：30~14：00,11．2％发生在14：00~15：30；花朵在中午强烈的阳光直射下挥发出香甜的气味.无叶美冠兰花朵主要通过挥发极具诱惑力的香甜气味和唇瓣上黄色的蜜导来诱导绿彩带蜂进入花朵中觅食,传粉昆虫与花朵在与传粉功能相关的关键性状在形态上良好拟合促成有效传粉,绿彩带蜂在整个传粉过程没有获得报酬,是食源性欺骗传粉机制.
무협미관란시일충전형적부생란과식물,위게시해물충적자연전분궤제,탁전대란과식물생식특성적인식,재엄서아장란과식물국가급자연보호구대기개전료전분생태학관측연구.결과표명：무협미관란화타구비고도자교친화능력,단불존재자동자화수분궤제,필수의뢰외부전분매개파화분송도주두,실현유효전분；록채대봉시무협미관란유일유효전분곤충；전분곤충여화타재여전분공능상관적관건성상재형태상량호의합；록채대봉적방화활동주요발생재3개계단：8．6％발생재9：00~11：30,80．2％발생재11：30~14：00,11．2％발생재14：00~15：30；화타재중오강렬적양광직사하휘발출향첨적기미.무협미관란화타주요통과휘발겁구유혹력적향첨기미화진판상황색적밀도래유도록채대봉진입화타중멱식,전분곤충여화타재여전분공능상관적관건성상재형태상량호의합촉성유효전분,록채대봉재정개전분과정몰유획득보수,시식원성기편전분궤제.
Eulophia zollingeri is one typical saprophytic species in Orchidaceae.Pollination biology of saprophytic or-chid has been poorly studied.In order to reveal the significant pollination mechanism of E .zollingeri ,broaden our knowledge on reproductive biology of saprophytic orchid,the floral biology and visitation of this plant were studied in Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve,the west of Guangxi Province,China.E .zollingeri flowers were self-com-patible but pollinators were required to achieve effective pollination;Nomia viridicinctula Cockerell was the only ef-fective pollinator;Foraging in the flowers mainly occurs in three periods:8.6% in 9:00-11:30 AM,80.2% in 11:30 AM-14:00 PM,11.2% in 14:00-15:30 PM;The flowers volatilize sweet floral fragrance under strong sunshine in the midday.We considered E .zollingeri attracts pollinators into flowers for foraging by the dizzy floral fragrance and bright yellow color in labellum,then the matchable sizes of flowers and the pollinators in functional morphology pro-vides dynamic support for effective pollination.The pollinators received no reward in the whole pollination procedure,it was food-deceptive pollination mechanism.