CAJ | 학술논문

分析了青藏高原东缘高寒草甸不同施肥处理对土壤全量养分、速效养分、pH、含水量、有机碳和土壤脲酶活性的影响,以揭示高寒草甸土壤养分和酶活性对施肥的响应。结果表明：(1)随施肥量的增加,土壤 pH明显趋于降低,施肥引起高寒草甸土壤酸化；全磷、速效磷均显著增大；(2)土壤全氮、有机碳和脲酶活性随施肥量增加呈单峰曲线变化,在施肥量为30或60 g??m-2时最高,施肥量增加到90 g??m-2时土壤资源逐渐降低；(3)季节变化对土壤养分也有一定的影响,全氮和全磷含量均于9月份较高,而速效氮含量一般于9月份较低,而速效磷含量5月份较低；(4)施肥对土壤养分的影响并不是简单的线性正相关关系,30~60 g??m-2施肥量可作为高寒草甸最佳施肥水平。施肥处理下土壤有机碳和脲酶活性可作为衡量土壤肥力和土壤质量变化的重要指标。高施肥量(≥90 g??m-2)可作为影响高寒草甸土壤养分及土壤酶活性的阈值。
분석료청장고원동연고한초전불동시비처리대토양전량양분、속효양분、pH、함수량、유궤탄화토양뇨매활성적영향,이게시고한초전토양양분화매활성대시비적향응。결과표명：(1)수시비량적증가,토양 pH명현추우강저,시비인기고한초전토양산화；전린、속효린균현저증대；(2)토양전담、유궤탄화뇨매활성수시비량증가정단봉곡선변화,재시비량위30혹60 g??m-2시최고,시비량증가도90 g??m-2시토양자원축점강저；(3)계절변화대토양양분야유일정적영향,전담화전린함량균우9월빈교고,이속효담함량일반우9월빈교저,이속효린함량5월빈교저；(4)시비대토양양분적영향병불시간단적선성정상관관계,30~60 g??m-2시비량가작위고한초전최가시비수평。시비처리하토양유궤탄화뇨매활성가작위형량토양비력화토양질량변화적중요지표。고시비량(≥90 g??m-2)가작위영향고한초전토양양분급토양매활성적역치。
Different fertilization gradients affect to the soil total nutrient,available nutrients,pH,water content,organ-ic carbon and soil urease activity in alpine meadow in Maqu area were studied.To reveal the alpine meadow soil nutri-ent and enzyme activity in response to fertilization gradients.The results were as follows:(1)With the increase of fer-tilization gradients,soil pH tended to reduce obviously,fertilizing caused soil acidification in grassland ecosystem,total phosphorus and rapid available phosphorus increased obviously as the increase of fertilization gradients;(2)Soil total nitrogen,organic carbon and urease activity changed as a single peak curve as the increase of fertilization gradients.It was higher in the fertilizer gradients of 30 or 60 g??m-2 ,and the soil resources gradually reduced in the fertilizer gradi-ent of 90 g??m-2 ;(3)Seasonal variation had a certain influence on soil nutrients,total nitrogen and total phosphorus content were higher in September,The available nitrogen content was generally lower in September,available phos-phorus was lower in May;(4)The influence of fertilizer application on soil nutrients was not simple linear positive correlation.The fertilization gradients of 30-60 g??m-2 could be used as the best fertilizer levels in alpine meadow. Soil organic carbon and urease activity could be used as the important indicators to measuring soil fertilizer and soil quality in fertilization gradients.High rate of fertilization (≥90 g??m-2 )can be regarded as the threshold to effect the structure and function in alpine meadow,soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity.