CAJ | 학술논문

全新世黄土沉积中的炭屑通常用来重建野火历史及其演变的过程。通过野外考察和对炭屑以及磁化率等指标的分析，获得全新世野火景观演变过程的地球生物沉积证据。参照 OSL/TL、14 C 测年和考古学断代数据，重建渭河流域黄土高原全新世以来野火历史以及景观演变过程。结果表明：末次冰期到全新世中期阶段（12000～3100 a B．P．），渭河流域黄土高原地区野火事件变化主要与区域季节性气候差异密切相关，其中千年-百年尺度有效湿度和燃料供给区域变化是野火发生的主控因素；全新世晚期，随着气候进一步干旱，加之人类耕作活动加剧，人类土地利用强度与时空分布已成为影响生物量燃烧规模的重要驱动力。距今3100 a 以来，渭河流域南部地区农田景观已初具规模；而距今约2170 a，大规模土地开垦已扩展到渭河北部黄土台塬地区；直到距今1500 a，渭河北部黄土高阶台塬地区旱作农业景观已基本形成。利用多项古生态记录和区域角度综合分析，有助于深入理解该区域野火历史和人类土地利用变化以及社会结构演变过程。
전신세황토침적중적탄설통상용래중건야화역사급기연변적과정。통과야외고찰화대탄설이급자화솔등지표적분석，획득전신세야화경관연변과정적지구생물침적증거。삼조 OSL/TL、14 C 측년화고고학단대수거，중건위하류역황토고원전신세이래야화역사이급경관연변과정。결과표명：말차빙기도전신세중기계단（12000～3100 a B．P．），위하류역황토고원지구야화사건변화주요여구역계절성기후차이밀절상관，기중천년-백년척도유효습도화연료공급구역변화시야화발생적주공인소；전신세만기，수착기후진일보간한，가지인류경작활동가극，인류토지이용강도여시공분포이성위영향생물량연소규모적중요구동력。거금3100 a 이래，위하류역남부지구농전경관이초구규모；이거금약2170 a，대규모토지개은이확전도위하북부황토태원지구；직도거금1500 a，위하북부황토고계태원지구한작농업경관이기본형성。이용다항고생태기록화구역각도종합분석，유조우심입리해해구역야화역사화인류토지이용변화이급사회결구연변과정。
The carbon in Holocene loess deposition is often used to rebuild wildfire history and its evolution process. Through field investigation and the analysis of carbon dust and the magnetic susceptibility index,the earth’s biological sedimentary evidence of wildfire landscape evolution in Holocene is obtained.With reference to OSL/TL dating,14 C dating and archaeology data,wildfire history and landscape evolution process in the loess plateau of Weihe River basin since Holocene is reconstructed.Results show that from the last glacial period to the Middle Holocene stage (12 000 3 100 a B.P.),wildfire changes in loess plateau area of Weihe River basin are mainly associated with regional seasonal climate differences closely,among which the one thousand one hundred scale effective humidity and fuel supply area change are the main controlling factors of wildfires.In the Late Holocene, with further drought climate,combined with human farming activities,human land use intensity and space-time distribution have become an important driving force to influence of biomass burning scale. Since 3 100 years ago,farmland landscape in the south area of Weihe River has begun to take shape. About 2 170 years ago,the large-scale land reclamation has expanded to the loess tableland area in the north of Weihe River.Until 1 500 years ago,dry farming landscape in loess high order platform tableland areas of northern Weihe River has basically formed.With a number of ancient ecological records and regional point of comprehensive analysis,it helps to understand the region wildfires history, human land use change and evolution of the social structure.