CAJ | 학술논문

歧口凹陷新生界发育了两类与火成岩相关的油藏：基性火山岩油藏和浅成侵入相辉绿岩蚀变带油藏，两者都为构造岩性油藏。这两类油藏区域上受岩浆活动带控制，主要集中于 NE 向和 EW 向断裂转换带，并受烃源岩分布范围的影响而紧邻烃源岩分布；垂向上受区域盖层控制，集中于沙一中亚段和东三段。在转换带沙一中亚段和东三段内，火成岩能否富集成藏主要取决于储集系统的类型。开放式储集系统一方面利于流体替换使火成岩储集空间中的矿化水被及时排出减少次生矿物的形成，从而保护储集空间；另一方面利于富含有机酸流体进入火成岩储集体，通过溶蚀先期形成的杏仁体、裂缝充填物及火成岩中不稳定的矿物组分，使其储集空间扩大、容积增加，使火成岩的储集性能得以改善；另外，火成岩中的断裂通过与烃源岩的沟通为烃类注入富集成藏提供了必要的输导通道，致使这类储集系统能够富集烃类成藏。封闭式储集系统缺少这些条件，岩浆期后热液流体与成岩流体被包裹在火成岩储集空间内不能被排出，易形成次生矿物充填并堵塞这些空间，丧失其储集性能。部分未被充填的空间往往相互之间难以连通，并与生排烃地层隔绝而成为烃类难以注入的死孔隙，从而使这类储集系统难以聚集成藏。
기구요함신생계발육료량류여화성암상관적유장：기성화산암유장화천성침입상휘록암식변대유장，량자도위구조암성유장。저량류유장구역상수암장활동대공제，주요집중우 NE 향화 EW 향단렬전환대，병수경원암분포범위적영향이긴린경원암분포；수향상수구역개층공제，집중우사일중아단화동삼단。재전환대사일중아단화동삼단내，화성암능부부집성장주요취결우저집계통적류형。개방식저집계통일방면리우류체체환사화성암저집공간중적광화수피급시배출감소차생광물적형성，종이보호저집공간；령일방면리우부함유궤산류체진입화성암저집체，통과용식선기형성적행인체、렬봉충전물급화성암중불은정적광물조분，사기저집공간확대、용적증가，사화성암적저집성능득이개선；령외，화성암중적단렬통과여경원암적구통위경류주입부집성장제공료필요적수도통도，치사저류저집계통능구부집경류성장。봉폐식저집계통결소저사조건，암장기후열액류체여성암류체피포과재화성암저집공간내불능피배출，역형성차생광물충전병도새저사공간，상실기저집성능。부분미피충전적공간왕왕상호지간난이련통，병여생배경지층격절이성위경류난이주입적사공극，종이사저류저집계통난이취집성장。
Two types of oil reservoirs,related to Cenozoic igneous rocks,exist in Qikou depression, i.e.,basic volcanic rock reservoir and diabase alteration zone reservoir,both of them are tectonic-lithological oil reservoirs. Horizontally, they are affected by distribution of igneous rocks and hydrocarbon source rocks,and are mainly focused on the transformation belt related to NE and EW fractures.Vertically,they are controlled by regional cap rocks,and are almost kept in Es z1 and Ed.In these two strata within the transformation belt,whether hydrocarbon can accumulate into igneous rocks or not mainly depend on the type of reservoir system.As for open storage system,on one hand reservoir spaces can be protected by fluid replacement to discharge mineralized water and reduce the formation of secondary minerals,on the other hand the reservoir spaces can be increased and expanded to further improve reservoir conditions by the way that:organic acid fluids get into the spaces and dissolve amygdale,fracture fillings and unstable minerals in igneous rock.In addition,open storage system provides the necessary conducting channel for hydrocarbon,through which hydrocarbon can seep from source rocks to accumulate into igneous rock to form oil reservoirs.In closed reservoir system,there are no these conditions mentioned above,the reservoir property has been lost partly because mineralized water can not be expelled out of igneous rocks and result in the formation of secondary minerals to fill reservoir space.Moreover,part of the unfilled spaces have no intercommunication channel between igneous reservoir and hydrocarbon source rock and become dead spaces,which makes it difficult to accumulate oil and gas in the closed reservoir system.