华南农业大学学报
華南農業大學學報
화남농업대학학보
JOURNAL OF SOUTH CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
2014年
5期
57-63
,共7页
李超%林建委%曾繁东%邵兰军%李福君%周立非%冯娟%张维祥%陈华勇%陈建军%邓世媛%蔡一霞%王维
李超%林建委%曾繁東%邵蘭軍%李福君%週立非%馮娟%張維祥%陳華勇%陳建軍%鄧世媛%蔡一霞%王維
리초%림건위%증번동%소란군%리복군%주립비%풍연%장유상%진화용%진건군%산세원%채일하%왕유
烤烟%氮肥管理模式%氮肥利用率%产量%品质
烤煙%氮肥管理模式%氮肥利用率%產量%品質
고연%담비관리모식%담비이용솔%산량%품질
flue-cured tobacco%nutrient management modes%nitrogen use efficiency%yield%quality
【目的】为解决烤烟生产过程中存在的氮肥利用率低和不合理的施肥技术带来的烟叶品质下降等问题．【方法】以云烟87为材料，在梅州地区开展了氮肥实时实地管理技术（ Real time nitrogen management ， RTNM）的田间应用，以农户习惯施肥（CK2）和不施肥（CK1）为对照，其中RTNM模式设置了2个SPAD（Soil and Plant Analyzer De-velopment）预设值40（S40）和43（S43），比较了不同模式下烤烟的农艺性状、氮肥利用率及烟叶产量、品质．【结果和结论】与CK2相比，RTNM模式下烟株中、上部叶的叶面积均较农户习惯施肥模式处理增加，其他农艺性状无显著性变化．RTNM模式显著提高了氮肥的利用率， S40和S43处理氮肥的吸收利用率较CK2分别提高了48.74％和45.42％．RTNM模式下烟叶产量、产值与CK2相比均有显著性增加，其中S43处理的烤烟产量与产值均为最高．表明在梅州大埔地区应用RTNM施肥模式，可有效提高氮肥的利用率，结合当地的生产实际，在梅州烟区应用推广SPAD值为43的RTNM模式可获得最大的产量和产值．
【目的】為解決烤煙生產過程中存在的氮肥利用率低和不閤理的施肥技術帶來的煙葉品質下降等問題．【方法】以雲煙87為材料，在梅州地區開展瞭氮肥實時實地管理技術（ Real time nitrogen management ， RTNM）的田間應用，以農戶習慣施肥（CK2）和不施肥（CK1）為對照，其中RTNM模式設置瞭2箇SPAD（Soil and Plant Analyzer De-velopment）預設值40（S40）和43（S43），比較瞭不同模式下烤煙的農藝性狀、氮肥利用率及煙葉產量、品質．【結果和結論】與CK2相比，RTNM模式下煙株中、上部葉的葉麵積均較農戶習慣施肥模式處理增加，其他農藝性狀無顯著性變化．RTNM模式顯著提高瞭氮肥的利用率， S40和S43處理氮肥的吸收利用率較CK2分彆提高瞭48.74％和45.42％．RTNM模式下煙葉產量、產值與CK2相比均有顯著性增加，其中S43處理的烤煙產量與產值均為最高．錶明在梅州大埔地區應用RTNM施肥模式，可有效提高氮肥的利用率，結閤噹地的生產實際，在梅州煙區應用推廣SPAD值為43的RTNM模式可穫得最大的產量和產值．
【목적】위해결고연생산과정중존재적담비이용솔저화불합리적시비기술대래적연협품질하강등문제．【방법】이운연87위재료，재매주지구개전료담비실시실지관리기술（ Real time nitrogen management ， RTNM）적전간응용，이농호습관시비（CK2）화불시비（CK1）위대조，기중RTNM모식설치료2개SPAD（Soil and Plant Analyzer De-velopment）예설치40（S40）화43（S43），비교료불동모식하고연적농예성상、담비이용솔급연협산량、품질．【결과화결론】여CK2상비，RTNM모식하연주중、상부협적협면적균교농호습관시비모식처리증가，기타농예성상무현저성변화．RTNM모식현저제고료담비적이용솔， S40화S43처리담비적흡수이용솔교CK2분별제고료48.74％화45.42％．RTNM모식하연협산량、산치여CK2상비균유현저성증가，기중S43처리적고연산량여산치균위최고．표명재매주대포지구응용RTNM시비모식，가유효제고담비적이용솔，결합당지적생산실제，재매주연구응용추엄SPAD치위43적RTNM모식가획득최대적산량화산치．
Objective In order to solve the problems existing in the production of flue-cured tobacco a-bout low nitrogen use efficiency ( NUE) and inferior quality of flue-cured tobacco by unreasonable fertili-zing technology .[Method] A variety ( Yunyan87 ) was used as a material in the field experiment .The technology of real time nitrogen management ( RTNM) was applied in Meizhou .Two application modes of fertilizer (S40 and S43) based on SPAD(Soil and Plant Analyzer Development )value, the conventional application of fertilizer by farmer ( CK2) and no fertilizer ( CK1) were designed to study the influences of different application modes of fertilizer on the agronomic traits , nitrogen use efficiency (NUC), yield and quality .[Result and conclusion] The areas of the middle and upper leaves increased by adopting RT-NM, and the other agronomic traits had no significant differences compared with CK 2.The NUE was ele-vated obviously under RTNM , and the absorption of nitrogen of S 40 and S43 increased by 48 .74% and 45.42%compared with CK2, respectively.The yield and output value of tobacco leaf under RTNM in-creased more than those of CK 2 and S43 achieved the highest yield and output value of tobacco leaf .Re-sults indicated that , compared with the conventional application of fertilizer by farmer , RTNM could en-hance high yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco and improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer . Therefore, RTNM, especially based 43, is effective in practice and good for popularization at Meizhou Guangdong production area according the local condition .
