CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解江西省艾滋病（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS）成年治疗患者的分布与临床特征，为制订合理的AIDS防治方案与政策提供依据。方法收集江西省2004-2012年开展的2194例AIDS成年治疗患者的基本情况及临床状态资料，采用描述性流行病学方法分析其分布规律与临床特征。结果2194例AIDS成年治疗患者的分布规律为：性别以男性为主占71．4％，年龄以30～40岁为主占31．7％，婚姻状况以已婚或同居者为主占60．8％。WHO临床分期分布：Ⅰ期35．2％、Ⅱ期23．0％、Ⅲ期22．4％、Ⅳ期19．4％。感染途径以性传播为主占79．6％。临床特征为：患者机会性感染率为31．9％，不同临床分期患者的机会性感染率有所不同（P＜0．001）；其中前5位机会性感染疾病分别为持续或间断发热17．2％、皮肤损害5．7％、持续腹泻5．6％、带状疱疹5．2％、鹅口疮3．6％。有37．5％患者出现发热、咳嗽咳痰、夜间盗汗、腹泻、恶心、视力下降、皮疹、淋巴结肿大等1种或几种症状体征。7．9％最近1年患有肺结核。乙、丙肝阳性率分别为16．8％、7．5％。结论江西省 AIDS成年治疗患者以男性、青壮年、性传播途径为主；机会性感染率较高，机会性感染与临床分期关联性强，特征性临床症状较多且伴随较多乙、丙肝合并感染。宜针对 AIDS治疗患者的特征建立健全相关 AIDS的综合防治措施，以控制AIDS的播散。
목적：료해강서성애자병（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS）성년치료환자적분포여림상특정，위제정합리적AIDS방치방안여정책제공의거。방법수집강서성2004-2012년개전적2194례AIDS성년치료환자적기본정황급림상상태자료，채용묘술성류행병학방법분석기분포규률여림상특정。결과2194례AIDS성년치료환자적분포규률위：성별이남성위주점71．4％，년령이30～40세위주점31．7％，혼인상황이이혼혹동거자위주점60．8％。WHO림상분기분포：Ⅰ기35．2％、Ⅱ기23．0％、Ⅲ기22．4％、Ⅳ기19．4％。감염도경이성전파위주점79．6％。림상특정위：환자궤회성감염솔위31．9％，불동림상분기환자적궤회성감염솔유소불동（P＜0．001）；기중전5위궤회성감염질병분별위지속혹간단발열17．2％、피부손해5．7％、지속복사5．6％、대상포진5．2％、아구창3．6％。유37．5％환자출현발열、해수해담、야간도한、복사、악심、시력하강、피진、림파결종대등1충혹궤충증상체정。7．9％최근1년환유폐결핵。을、병간양성솔분별위16．8％、7．5％。결론강서성 AIDS성년치료환자이남성、청장년、성전파도경위주；궤회성감염솔교고，궤회성감염여림상분기관련성강，특정성림상증상교다차반수교다을、병간합병감염。의침대 AIDS치료환자적특정건립건전상관 AIDS적종합방치조시，이공제AIDS적파산。
Objective To investigate the distribution and clinical features of AIDS in adult pa-tients under treatment in Jiangxi province,and to provide scientific basis for formulating appropri-ate scheme and policy for preventing and controlling AIDS.Methods The basic information and clinical data of 2 194 adult AIDS patients treated between 2004 and 2012 in Jiangxi province were collected,and the distribution regularities and clinical features of AIDS were analyzed using de-scriptive epidemiological method.Results Among the 2 194 adult AIDS patients,males accounted for 71.4%,patients aged 30-40 years accounted for 31.7%,and married and cohabiting patientsaccounted for 60.8%.The percentages of patients in WHO clinical stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 35.2%,23.0%,22.4% and 19.4%,respectively.The main route of transmission was sexual con-tact(79.6%).The opportunistic infection rate was 31.9%.However,the opportunistic infection rate was different in various clinical stages(P<0.001).The top five opportunistic infection diseases were persistent or intermittent fever(17.2%),skin lesion(5.7%),persistent diarrhea(5.6%),herpes zoster(5.2%)and thrush(3.6%).One or more symptoms and signs(fever,cough and expectora-tion,night sweats,diarrhea,nausea,hypopsia,rash,lymphadenectasis,etc.)were found in 37.5%of the patients.The tuberculosis occurred in 7.9% of the patients in the recent one year.The inci-dences of hepatitis B and C were 16.8% and 7.5%,respectively.Conclusion The majority of AIDS patients under treatment in Jiangxi province are young adult males and sexual contact is the main route of AIDS transmission.The opportunistic infection rate is high among adult AIDS pa-tients and is significantly correlated with clinical staging.Many characteristic clinical signs were accompanied by hepatitis B and C.Therefore,comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be established aiming at the clinical features of AIDS in adult patients under treatment to control the spread of AIDS.