CAJ | 학술논문

为了准确把握河南省农田化肥施用对生态环境的潜在威胁，防治化肥面源污染，通过环境风险评价模型对河南省化肥施用强度地理分布特征进行分析，并对其环境风险进行评价。结果表明，河南省18个地级市普遍存在农田化肥施用过量的问题，环境污染风险较大，平均风险程度为中等，其中有8个地级市风险程度为严重，10个地级市风险程度为中等。氮、磷、钾3种肥料的面源污染中，氮肥和钾肥污染风险程度为中等，磷肥污染风险程度为严重。河南省氮、磷、钾比例总体基本合理，但化肥施用强度区域差异大，分布规律比较明显。豫西地区化肥施用强度相对较低，而豫北地区化肥施用强度较高。化肥施用强度最高的是新乡市，为1240.40 kg/hm2，是最低的三门峡市（588.33 kg/hm2）的2.1倍。
위료준학파악하남성농전화비시용대생태배경적잠재위협，방치화비면원오염，통과배경풍험평개모형대하남성화비시용강도지리분포특정진행분석，병대기배경풍험진행평개。결과표명，하남성18개지급시보편존재농전화비시용과량적문제，배경오염풍험교대，평균풍험정도위중등，기중유8개지급시풍험정도위엄중，10개지급시풍험정도위중등。담、린、갑3충비료적면원오염중，담비화갑비오염풍험정도위중등，린비오염풍험정도위엄중。하남성담、린、갑비례총체기본합리，단화비시용강도구역차이대，분포규률비교명현。예서지구화비시용강도상대교저，이예북지구화비시용강도교고。화비시용강도최고적시신향시，위1240.40 kg/hm2，시최저적삼문협시（588.33 kg/hm2）적2.1배。
In order to correctly understand the potential threats of chemical fertilizer to environment in Henan province and prevent chemical fertilizer pollution ,model of environmental risk assessment was used to analyze the distribution of chemical fertilizer application rate and assess the environmental risk .The results showed that chemical fertilizer was overused in 18 cities ,resulting in great potential risk to environment ,the average risk to environment was at moderate level .In the 18 cities ,there were 8 cities in serious environmental risk state ,10 cities in moderate environmental risk state ;nitrogen (N ) and potassium (K ) posed moderate risks to environment ,phosphorus(P) posed serious risk to environment .The proportion of N ,P ,K was basically reasonable ,but there were greats differences in chemical fertilizer application rate among different regions in Henan province .The chemical fertilizer application rates in the north of Henan province were highest ,especially Xinxiang city (1 240.40 kg/ha );the chemical fertilizer application rates in the south of Henan province was lowest ,especially Sanmenxia city (588.33 kg/ha) .