CAJ | 학술논문

食品中的病原微生物是影响食品安全的主要因素之一，传统的细菌分离、培养与鉴定繁琐复杂、周期较长，难以适应食源性疾病预防控制的需要，因而快速、简便、特异的检测方法成为研究的热点。近年来，随着现代生物技术的快速发展，新的分子生物学技术和方法不断涌现并被广泛应用于微生物检测，为传染病的流行病学调查、基因的多样性、微生物的生物学特性、微生物的致病性等各个方面提供了重要的信息。本文较为系统地介绍了利用分子生物学技术快速检测食源性致病微生物的方法，总结了核酸杂交技术、核酸扩增技术、基因芯片技术在致病性大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌等致病微生物快速检测中的应用现状，并简要阐述了这几种检测方法的利弊。
식품중적병원미생물시영향식품안전적주요인소지일，전통적세균분리、배양여감정번쇄복잡、주기교장，난이괄응식원성질병예방공제적수요，인이쾌속、간편、특이적검측방법성위연구적열점。근년래，수착현대생물기술적쾌속발전，신적분자생물학기술화방법불단용현병피엄범응용우미생물검측，위전염병적류행병학조사、기인적다양성、미생물적생물학특성、미생물적치병성등각개방면제공료중요적신식。본문교위계통지개소료이용분자생물학기술쾌속검측식원성치병미생물적방법，총결료핵산잡교기술、핵산확증기술、기인심편기술재치병성대장간균、사문씨균、금황색포도구균、단핵세포증생리사특균등치병미생물쾌속검측중적응용현상，병간요천술료저궤충검측방법적리폐。
Foodborne pathogen is one of the main factors affecting food safety. It takes a long time for tradi-tional bacteria isolation, culture and identification. As a complicated process, the traditional method is difficult to meet the needs of the foodborne disease prevention and control. In recent years, with the rapid development of modern biotechnologies, new techniques and methods of molecular biology are emerging and widely used in microbiological testing for infectious diseases investigation, gene diversity exploration, biological characteri-zation of microorganisms, and microbial pathogenicity characterization. In this paper, molecular techniques widely used for fast detection of foodborne pathogens, such as the nucleic acid hybridization, nucleic acid am-plification, and microarray, were systematically introduced, as well as the application status of some pathogen detection technologies applied in pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella sp., staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocy-togenes, and other pathogenic microorganisms. The corresponding advantages and disadvantages of each detec-tion method were reviewed as well.