热带农业科学
熱帶農業科學
열대농업과학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE
2014年
7期
73-79
,共7页
李晓霞%黄乔乔%易克贤%范志伟%沈奕德%程汉亭
李曉霞%黃喬喬%易剋賢%範誌偉%瀋奕德%程漢亭
리효하%황교교%역극현%범지위%침혁덕%정한정
芦笋园%杂草%盖草控草%化学除草
蘆筍園%雜草%蓋草控草%化學除草
호순완%잡초%개초공초%화학제초
asparagus plantation%weeds%mulch%chemical control
系统调查海南芦笋种植区的主要杂草种类,明确芦笋园的杂草优势种群,并以此为基础进行盆栽芦笋化学除草药效试验及覆盖控草试验。结果表明,海南芦笋园常见杂草有21科106种,其中优势种群由马齿苋、红尾翎、短颖马唐、龙爪茅、牛筋草、砖子苗、假臭草、伞房花耳草及鳢肠9种构成。采用覆盖控草和化学除草可在一定程度上控制杂草的发生:覆盖9种植物60 d后,防效可达60%以上,且覆盖葛藤、毛蔓豆、飞机草、薇甘菊、肿柄菊后,芦笋抽笋数和新笋径围都显著高于其余各处理;施用4种除草剂60 d后,盖草能和乙草胺对盆栽芦笋的防效较高且安全。因此,在实际生产中,通过覆盖控草和化学除草相结合,可最大限度的控制芦笋园中杂草。
繫統調查海南蘆筍種植區的主要雜草種類,明確蘆筍園的雜草優勢種群,併以此為基礎進行盆栽蘆筍化學除草藥效試驗及覆蓋控草試驗。結果錶明,海南蘆筍園常見雜草有21科106種,其中優勢種群由馬齒莧、紅尾翎、短穎馬唐、龍爪茅、牛觔草、磚子苗、假臭草、傘房花耳草及鱧腸9種構成。採用覆蓋控草和化學除草可在一定程度上控製雜草的髮生:覆蓋9種植物60 d後,防效可達60%以上,且覆蓋葛籐、毛蔓豆、飛機草、薇甘菊、腫柄菊後,蘆筍抽筍數和新筍徑圍都顯著高于其餘各處理;施用4種除草劑60 d後,蓋草能和乙草胺對盆栽蘆筍的防效較高且安全。因此,在實際生產中,通過覆蓋控草和化學除草相結閤,可最大限度的控製蘆筍園中雜草。
계통조사해남호순충식구적주요잡초충류,명학호순완적잡초우세충군,병이차위기출진행분재호순화학제초약효시험급복개공초시험。결과표명,해남호순완상견잡초유21과106충,기중우세충군유마치현、홍미령、단영마당、룡조모、우근초、전자묘、가취초、산방화이초급례장9충구성。채용복개공초화화학제초가재일정정도상공제잡초적발생:복개9충식물60 d후,방효가체60%이상,차복개갈등、모만두、비궤초、미감국、종병국후,호순추순수화신순경위도현저고우기여각처리;시용4충제초제60 d후,개초능화을초알대분재호순적방효교고차안전。인차,재실제생산중,통과복개공초화화학제초상결합,가최대한도적공제호순완중잡초。
A syste matica l investigation of weeds was conducted in asparagus plantation of Hainan Province, and the dominant weed populations were determined. Then, weed control experiments were conducted. The results showed that there were 106 weed species belonging to 23 families in the asparagus garden. Of them, nine species were considered as dominant weeds, including Melinis repens, Panicum maximum, Imperata cylindrica, Digitaria setigera, Chromolaena odorata, Praxelis clematidea, Tridax procumbens and Mimosa pudica. Of the weed control strategies, coverage control and chemical control could control weeds to a certain degree:after 60d covering of nine plants, the control effect reached more than 60%. Covering the weed by cocered Pueraria lobata, Calopogonium mucunoides, Eupatorium odoratum, Mikania micrantha and Tithonia diversifolia increased the shoot number and the diameter of new shoots of asparagus. After application of four kinds of herbicides 60 d, Haloxyfop and acetochlor could control the weeds to a higher extent and were also safe to asparagus plants. In actual production practices, combining the covering and chemical weed control could control weeds to the maximum extent in the asparagus plantation.