CAJ | 학술논문

根据2011年夏初在海南岛近岸海域采集的浮游动物样本，分析了该海域浮游动物的种类组成、优势种类、丰度、生态类群，生物多样性及均匀度，并对浮游动物与环境因子之间的关系进行了探讨。海南岛近岸海域共鉴定出终生性浮游动物164种，阶段性浮游幼体11个类群，其中以桡足类的种类最多，40属82种。优势种主要有棘皮动物幼体 Echinodermata larva、鸟喙尖头蟤 Penilia avirostris 、异体住囊虫Oikopleura dioica 、长尾类幼体 Macrura larva、肥胖软箭虫 Ferosagitta enflata 、羽长腹剑水蚤Oithona plumifera 、小齿海樽 Doliolum denticulatum 、中型莹虾 Lucifer intermedius 、泡抱球虫 Globig-erina bulloides 、微驼隆哲水蚤 Acrocalanus gracilis 等。海南岛近岸海域浮游动物丰度平均值为1348．68 ind／m3，东部海域浮游动物丰度最高，由近岸向远岸呈递减趋势，而北部湾海域和南部海域由近岸向远岸则呈先增后减的趋势。夏初由于受沿岸流和南海暖流的影响，海南岛近岸海域的生态类群以暖水沿岸种和广布暖水外海种为主。浮游动物多样性指数和均匀度平均值为3．03和0．72，东部海域的多样性指数和均匀度较低，主要原因是阶段性浮游幼体的偶然性暴发。相关性分析显示，海南岛近岸海域浮游动物丰度与 pH 值呈极显著负相关（p ＜0．05，r＝－0．360）；与浮游植物丰度（PA）呈极显著正相关（p ＜0．01，r＝0．395）；与盐度、DO、CODMn、NO3-N 浓度、NH4-N 浓度、PO4-P 浓度成正相关，与温度、NO2-N 浓度、SiO3-Si 浓度呈负相关。
근거2011년하초재해남도근안해역채집적부유동물양본，분석료해해역부유동물적충류조성、우세충류、봉도、생태류군，생물다양성급균균도，병대부유동물여배경인자지간적관계진행료탐토。해남도근안해역공감정출종생성부유동물164충，계단성부유유체11개류군，기중이뇨족류적충류최다，40속82충。우세충주요유극피동물유체 Echinodermata larva、조훼첨두전 Penilia avirostris 、이체주낭충Oikopleura dioica 、장미류유체 Macrura larva、비반연전충 Ferosagitta enflata 、우장복검수조Oithona plumifera 、소치해준 Doliolum denticulatum 、중형형하 Lucifer intermedius 、포포구충 Globig-erina bulloides 、미타륭철수조 Acrocalanus gracilis 등。해남도근안해역부유동물봉도평균치위1348．68 ind／m3，동부해역부유동물봉도최고，유근안향원안정체감추세，이북부만해역화남부해역유근안향원안칙정선증후감적추세。하초유우수연안류화남해난류적영향，해남도근안해역적생태류군이난수연안충화엄포난수외해충위주。부유동물다양성지수화균균도평균치위3．03화0．72，동부해역적다양성지수화균균도교저，주요원인시계단성부유유체적우연성폭발。상관성분석현시，해남도근안해역부유동물봉도여 pH 치정겁현저부상관（p ＜0．05，r＝－0．360）；여부유식물봉도（PA）정겁현저정상관（p ＜0．01，r＝0．395）；여염도、DO、CODMn、NO3-N 농도、NH4-N 농도、PO4-P 농도성정상관，여온도、NO2-N 농도、SiO3-Si 농도정부상관。
Based on the zooplankton samples that were collected from the coastal waters of Hainan Island in the early summer of 2011,the factors such as species composition,dominant species,abundance,ecological groups,Shannon-Wiener index and evenness of zooplankton were analyzed ,and the relationship between zooplankton and environ-mental factors was discussed in this paper.The result showed that 164 species of holozooplankton and 11 groups of nlerozooplankton were identified,among which Copepods were the most diverse with 82 species in 40 genera.The dominant species were Echinodermata larva,Penilia avirostris ,Oikopleura dioica ,Macrura larva,Flaccisagitta en-flata ,Oithona plumifera ,Doliolum denticulatum ,Lucifer intermedius ,Globigerina bulloides and Acrocalanus gracilis .The average zooplankton abundance in the coastal waters of Hainan island was 1 348.68 ind/m3 ,with the highest abundance in eastern waters.Zooplankton abundance in eastern coast showed the trend which decreased from near to far,while the abundance in Beibu gulf and southern coast showed the trend which increased firstly and then decreased from near to far.Influenced by the coastal current and South China Sea warm current in the early summer,the most of zooplankton ecological groups were warm water coastal group and eurytopic group in the coastal waters of Hainan Island.The average Shannon-Wiener index and evenness of zooplankton were 3.03 and 0.72 respectively.The Shannon-Wiener index and evenness were lower in eastern coast result from the explosive growth of nlerozooplankton.Correlation analysis revealed that zooplankton abundance had obvious negative corre-lation with pH (p<0.05,r=-0.360),and obvious positive correlation with phytoplankton abundance (p<0.01, r=0.395).Furthermore,zooplankton abundance showed a distinct correlationship with the other environmental factors,of which salinity,DO,CODMn ,NO3-N,NH4-N and PO4-P were positive,while water temperature,NO2-N and SiO3-Si were negative in the coastal waters of Hainan island.