CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用2008年8月在渤海23个站位采集的样品对大型底栖动物的丰度、生物量、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。共鉴定出大型底栖动物300种，主要类群包括环节动物多毛类、节肢动物甲壳类、软体动物、棘皮动物等。研究海域大型底栖动物的平均丰度为1094．7 ind／m2，平均生物量为11．78 g／m2，其中丰度最高区位于辽东湾，最低区位于渤海湾；生物量最高区位于渤海中部，最低区出现在渤海海峡湾口处。依据丰度和生物量进行了 CLUSTER 聚类和 MDS 标序图分析，结果可将研究站位划分为6个站组，均与沉积物底质类型密切相关。所研究海域底质类型包括黏土质粉砂、砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂-粉砂-黏土5种。通过 BIOENV 分析，发现影响大型底栖动物群落结构和分布的主要环境因子有水深、黏土粉砂含量、脱镁叶绿酸含量、叶绿素含量等。与20世纪90年代历史数据的对比发现，本次研究大型底栖动物的物种数目明显减少，平均丰度也减少，特别是优势物种表现出了小型化趋势，传统的大型种类，如心形海胆、双壳类等，被小个体的多毛类和甲壳类所取代。本研究表明渤海近年来受人类活动影响，出现了不同程度的污染，导致大型底栖动物群落结构发生了变化。
본문이용2008년8월재발해23개참위채집적양품대대형저서동물적봉도、생물량、군락결구급기여배경인자적관계진행료연구。공감정출대형저서동물300충，주요류군포괄배절동물다모류、절지동물갑각류、연체동물、극피동물등。연구해역대형저서동물적평균봉도위1094．7 ind／m2，평균생물량위11．78 g／m2，기중봉도최고구위우료동만，최저구위우발해만；생물량최고구위우발해중부，최저구출현재발해해협만구처。의거봉도화생물량진행료 CLUSTER 취류화 MDS 표서도분석，결과가장연구참위화분위6개참조，균여침적물저질류형밀절상관。소연구해역저질류형포괄점토질분사、사、사질분사、분사질사、사-분사-점토5충。통과 BIOENV 분석，발현영향대형저서동물군락결구화분포적주요배경인자유수심、점토분사함량、탈미협록산함량、협록소함량등。여20세기90년대역사수거적대비발현，본차연구대형저서동물적물충수목명현감소，평균봉도야감소，특별시우세물충표현출료소형화추세，전통적대형충류，여심형해담、쌍각류등，피소개체적다모류화갑각류소취대。본연구표명발해근년래수인류활동영향，출현료불동정도적오염，도치대형저서동물군락결구발생료변화。
In this paper,the abundance,biomass,community structure of macrofauna and its relationship with envi-ronmental factors in the Bohai Sea were studied using the samples collected from 23 stations in August 2008.A to-tal of 300 species were identified,among which the major taxa were polychaetes,crustaceans,mollusks and echino-derms.The average abundance of macrofauna was 1 094.7 ind/m2 ,and the average biomass was 11.78 g/m2 .The highest abundance was located in Liaodong Bay,while the lowest was in Bohai Bay.The highest biomass was loca-ted in the middle of the Bohai Sea,while the lowest appeared in Bohai Strait.CLUSTER and MDS analysis based on the abundance data showed that six communities groups could be divided,which were closely related to the types of sediment.The sediment types in this area included clayey silt,sand,sandy silt,silt sand and sand-silt-clay.BIO-ENV analysis showed that the major environmental factors affecting the community macrofaunal structure and dis-tribution were water depth,sediment silt-clay percentage,phaeophorbide and chlorophyll contents.The number of species and average abundance of macrofauna in the area have obviously declined compared with the historical data in 1990s.It is noted that the dominant species showed a miniaturization trend.The traditionally dominant large-sized species,such as heart urchin and bivalves,were replaced by small-sized polychaetes and crustaceans.The present study showed that the Bohai Sea was affected by human activities and suffered various degrees of pollution in recent years,resulting in the changes of macrofauna community structure.