CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解广西钦州市美沙酮维持治疗者中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、梅毒螺旋体（ TP）的感染情况，为采取针对性防治措施提供依据。方法收集2008～2012年钦州市美沙酮门诊收治的吸毒者393例的相关资料，分析其人口学特征及HIV、HCV、TP感染情况。结果393例吸毒者中男性比例为91．60％（360/393），大于女性的8．40％（33/393）；受教育程度在高中或中专以下98．98％（389/393），无业人员占比重大为80．92％（318/393）；吸食海洛因92．62％（364/393）、注射吸毒92．88％（365/393），吸毒年限长于1年98．22％（386/393）。抗-HIV、抗-HCV及TP的总阳性率分别为6．36％（25/393）、83．46％（328/393）和5．85％（23/393）。不同年份美沙酮维持治疗者抗-HIV阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）；不同年份美沙酮维持治疗者抗-HCV、TP阳性率比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），HCV感染率有逐年下降趋势，HIV感染率波动不明显，TP感染率于2012年出现急剧上升现象。合并感染者中，以HIV/HCV合并感染率最高为5．85％（23/393），HCV/TP合并感染率次之为4．58％（18/393），HIV/TP、HIV/HCV/TP合并感染最低，均为0．25％（1/393）。结论钦州市美沙酮维持治疗者HIV、HCV及TP总感染率较高，应继续加强该人群HIV、HCV、TP的检测及健康知识宣教。
목적：료해엄서흠주시미사동유지치료자중인류면역결함병독（HIV）、병형간염병독（HCV）、매독라선체（ TP）적감염정황，위채취침대성방치조시제공의거。방법수집2008～2012년흠주시미사동문진수치적흡독자393례적상관자료，분석기인구학특정급HIV、HCV、TP감염정황。결과393례흡독자중남성비례위91．60％（360/393），대우녀성적8．40％（33/393）；수교육정도재고중혹중전이하98．98％（389/393），무업인원점비중대위80．92％（318/393）；흡식해락인92．62％（364/393）、주사흡독92．88％（365/393），흡독년한장우1년98．22％（386/393）。항-HIV、항-HCV급TP적총양성솔분별위6．36％（25/393）、83．46％（328/393）화5．85％（23/393）。불동년빈미사동유지치료자항-HIV양성솔비교，차이무통계학의의（ P＞0．05）；불동년빈미사동유지치료자항-HCV、TP양성솔비교，차이유통계학의의（P＜0．05），HCV감염솔유축년하강추세，HIV감염솔파동불명현，TP감염솔우2012년출현급극상승현상。합병감염자중，이HIV/HCV합병감염솔최고위5．85％（23/393），HCV/TP합병감염솔차지위4．58％（18/393），HIV/TP、HIV/HCV/TP합병감염최저，균위0．25％（1/393）。결론흠주시미사동유지치료자HIV、HCV급TP총감염솔교고，응계속가강해인군HIV、HCV、TP적검측급건강지식선교。
Objective To explore the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) ,hepatitis C virus (HCV),treponema pallidum ( TP) among drug addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment in Qinzhou City , Guangxi ,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control .Methods A data of 393 drug addicts receiving methadone treatment in the clinic in Qinzhou City during 2008-2012 were collected .The demographic characteristics and infection status of HIV , HCV, TP were analyzed .Results Among 393 drug addicts , the proportion of men was 91.6%(360/393),higher than that of women (8.4%,33/393).The rate of educational level of senior high school or below was 98.98%(389/393).Unemployed cases were accounted for a majority of infected cases (80.92%,318/393).The proportion of heroin taking cases was 92.62%(364/393),heroin injection 92.88%(365/393) and drug taking time longer than 1 year 98.22%(386/393).The total positive rates of anti-HIV,anti-HCV and TP were 6.36%(25/393),83.46%(328/393) and 5.85%(23/393),respectively.The positive rates of anti-HIV of different years showed no significant difference (P>0.05),but significant difference was observed in the positive rates of anti-HCV and TP(P<0.05).The infection rate of HCV showed an decreasing trend,and of TP had a sharp increase in 2012.In the co-infection cases,HIV/HCV cases had the highest rate of 5.85%(23/393),HCV/TP had the second(4.58%,18/393),while HIV/TP and HIV/HCV/TP had the lowest (0.25%,1/393).Conclusion The higher total infection rates of HIV ,HCV and TP are observed in drug addicts recieving methadone maintenance treatment in Qinzhou City .It is needed to strengthen the propaganda and detection of HIV,HCV,TP in the drug addicts.