CAJ | 학술논문

目的：开展常见病原微生物环境安全参考标准值研究，为高等级生物安全实验室（ BSL ）环境风险评估提供依据。方法以微生物危害度评估方法为基本原则，结合人体暴露剂量计算方法，提出人体经呼吸对病原微生物暴露的感染剂量的计算模型。在总结国内外常见病原微生物特性研究成果的基础上，通过模型计算，获得常见病原微生物环境安全临界值参考标准以及环境风险防护距离。结果提出常见高致病性病原微生物环境风险评价标准计算方法，研究得出SARS冠状病毒、高致病性禽流感病毒、结核分枝杆菌、炭疽芽孢杆菌、鼠疫耶尔森菌、土拉热弗朗西丝菌、流行性出血热病毒等7种常见病原微生物的最小感染剂量，以及不同环境风险对应的环境安全临界值。结论所提出的环境安全临界值可作为高等级BSL感染性气溶胶的环境风险评估参考标准，用于实验室风险控制与应急管理。
목적：개전상견병원미생물배경안전삼고표준치연구，위고등급생물안전실험실（ BSL ）배경풍험평고제공의거。방법이미생물위해도평고방법위기본원칙，결합인체폭로제량계산방법，제출인체경호흡대병원미생물폭로적감염제량적계산모형。재총결국내외상견병원미생물특성연구성과적기출상，통과모형계산，획득상견병원미생물배경안전림계치삼고표준이급배경풍험방호거리。결과제출상견고치병성병원미생물배경풍험평개표준계산방법，연구득출SARS관상병독、고치병성금류감병독、결핵분지간균、탄저아포간균、서역야이삼균、토랍열불랑서사균、류행성출혈열병독등7충상견병원미생물적최소감염제량，이급불동배경풍험대응적배경안전림계치。결론소제출적배경안전림계치가작위고등급BSL감염성기용효적배경풍험평고삼고표준，용우실험실풍험공제여응급관리。
Objective To study environmental safety reference standard values of commonly encountered pathogenic microorganisms, and provide the basis for environmental risk assessment of a high-level biosafety laboratory (BSL).Methods Using human exposure dose calculation methods as the basic principle in combination with microbial hazard evaluation methods , an infectious dose calculation model of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms by breathing was proposed . Based on research on characteristics of commonly encountered pathogenic microorganisms at home and abroad , the environ-mental safety threshold reference standard and environmental risk protection zone for such microorganisms were obtained . Results An the environmental risk assessment standard calculation method for commonly encountered highly pathogenic microorganisms was proposed , and the minimum infectious dose and environmental safety threshold of seven commonly encountered pathogenic microorganisms were obtained , including SARS coronavirus , highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis,Francisella tularensis, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus.Conclusion The results can be used as a reference standard of infectious aerosols in a high-level BSL for environ-mental risk assessment , laboratory risk control and emergency management .