实验流体力学
實驗流體力學
실험류체역학
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTS IN FLUID MECHANICS
2014年
4期
49-53
,共5页
高超声速风洞%铰链力矩天平%方向舵%升降舵%气动力测量
高超聲速風洞%鉸鏈力矩天平%方嚮舵%升降舵%氣動力測量
고초성속풍동%교련력구천평%방향타%승강타%기동력측량
hypersonic wind tunnel%hinge moment balance%rudder%elevator%aerodynamic force measurement
在同一次试验中通过安装多台天平测量多个部件气动力,可以更加详细地了解飞行器的气动特性,并可以降低试验成本、提高试验效率。多天平测力技术在亚跨超声速风洞中应用已经非常成熟。但是,在高超声速风洞中,由于模型尺寸小、来流温度高,多天平的布局比较困难,所以目前国内在高超声速风洞中进行的多天平测力试验相对较少。为满足型号研制的需要,在 CARDC 超高速所的Φ1m 高超声速风洞上开展了多天平测力试验技术研究。选取某飞行器的3个控制舵为研究对象。针对试验模型径向尺寸小,而轴向尺寸相对较大的特点,确定采用铰链力矩天平轴线与测量舵转轴互相垂直的“纵轴式”布局方式;采用合理的小型化六分量天平结构形式,升降舵天平测量元件的长、宽、高尺寸为20mm×20mm×25mm;为更加真实地模拟天平的工作状态,设计了专用的加载头,并采用单元加载和组合加载相结合的方法进行校准,校准结果表明,天平主要分量的静校准度均在0.7%以内;在采取温度补偿措施之后,零点漂移明显减小;采用了天平-舵偏角变换装置一体化设计,有效提高了定位和安装精度。在Φ1m 高超声速风洞上开展的 Ma=5条件下的风洞试验结果表明,采用的多天平测力试验技术是可行的,可以应用到高超声速风洞测力试验中。
在同一次試驗中通過安裝多檯天平測量多箇部件氣動力,可以更加詳細地瞭解飛行器的氣動特性,併可以降低試驗成本、提高試驗效率。多天平測力技術在亞跨超聲速風洞中應用已經非常成熟。但是,在高超聲速風洞中,由于模型呎吋小、來流溫度高,多天平的佈跼比較睏難,所以目前國內在高超聲速風洞中進行的多天平測力試驗相對較少。為滿足型號研製的需要,在 CARDC 超高速所的Φ1m 高超聲速風洞上開展瞭多天平測力試驗技術研究。選取某飛行器的3箇控製舵為研究對象。針對試驗模型徑嚮呎吋小,而軸嚮呎吋相對較大的特點,確定採用鉸鏈力矩天平軸線與測量舵轉軸互相垂直的“縱軸式”佈跼方式;採用閤理的小型化六分量天平結構形式,升降舵天平測量元件的長、寬、高呎吋為20mm×20mm×25mm;為更加真實地模擬天平的工作狀態,設計瞭專用的加載頭,併採用單元加載和組閤加載相結閤的方法進行校準,校準結果錶明,天平主要分量的靜校準度均在0.7%以內;在採取溫度補償措施之後,零點漂移明顯減小;採用瞭天平-舵偏角變換裝置一體化設計,有效提高瞭定位和安裝精度。在Φ1m 高超聲速風洞上開展的 Ma=5條件下的風洞試驗結果錶明,採用的多天平測力試驗技術是可行的,可以應用到高超聲速風洞測力試驗中。
재동일차시험중통과안장다태천평측량다개부건기동력,가이경가상세지료해비행기적기동특성,병가이강저시험성본、제고시험효솔。다천평측력기술재아과초성속풍동중응용이경비상성숙。단시,재고초성속풍동중,유우모형척촌소、래류온도고,다천평적포국비교곤난,소이목전국내재고초성속풍동중진행적다천평측력시험상대교소。위만족형호연제적수요,재 CARDC 초고속소적Φ1m 고초성속풍동상개전료다천평측력시험기술연구。선취모비행기적3개공제타위연구대상。침대시험모형경향척촌소,이축향척촌상대교대적특점,학정채용교련력구천평축선여측량타전축호상수직적“종축식”포국방식;채용합리적소형화륙분량천평결구형식,승강타천평측량원건적장、관、고척촌위20mm×20mm×25mm;위경가진실지모의천평적공작상태,설계료전용적가재두,병채용단원가재화조합가재상결합적방법진행교준,교준결과표명,천평주요분량적정교준도균재0.7%이내;재채취온도보상조시지후,영점표이명현감소;채용료천평-타편각변환장치일체화설계,유효제고료정위화안장정도。재Φ1m 고초성속풍동상개전적 Ma=5조건하적풍동시험결과표명,채용적다천평측력시험기술시가행적,가이응용도고초성속풍동측력시험중。
The aerodynamic characteristics of aerocrafts can be acquainted with multi-balance which also helps to reduce the cost of experiments and raise efficiency.The force test technique with multi-balance was quite mature in transonic and supersonic wind tunnel.However,it was not widely used in hypersonic wind tunnel because of the small model scale and the high tempera-ture.In order to meet the need for project development,the force test technique with multi-bal-ance investigation was carried out in Ф1m hypersonic wind tunnel of CARDC.Three controlling rudders of the same aerocraft were chosen as research objects.The axes of hinge-moment bal-ances and the rotation axes of the measured rudders were vertical.The rational miniaturized six component balance configuration style was adopted.For example,the sizes of the elevator bal-ance’s measuring elements were 20mm×20mm×25mm.The calibration method of the balances was investigated.The calibration results had shown that the static calibration accuracy of the main components of balances was less than 0.7%;the zero excursion clearly reduced after the temperature compensation methods were used;the integral design of balance and angle transfor-mation device improved the accuracy of orientation and installation in effect.The wind tunnel ex-periment with Ma=5 was performed and the results of typical conditions had been given.The ex-perimental results indicated that force test technique with multi-balance could be used in hyper-sonic wind tunnel aerodynamic test.