昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）
昆明理工大學學報（社會科學版）
곤명리공대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY(SOCIAL SCIENCES)
2014年
4期
12-17
,共6页
食品安全%风险评估%专家理性二重性%独立性%同行评审制度
食品安全%風險評估%專傢理性二重性%獨立性%同行評審製度
식품안전%풍험평고%전가이성이중성%독립성%동행평심제도
food safety%risk assessment%dualism of expert’s rationality%independency%peer accreditati-on system
专家理性在食品安全风险评估中扮演着重要角色，但这种理性因受到主客观因素的影响而具有二重性，从而偏离理性。在食品安全风险评估领域，世界组织及各国多通过立法来弥补专家治理模式的缺陷，如 FAO/WHO 的食品安全风险分析框架，欧盟的独立性原则和预防性原则，以及日本对食品安全委员会委员任职资格的限制等。我国可通过转变风险规制模式、保持专家独立性、引入同行评审制度、明确专家责任并健全激励机制、完善公众参与机制等来规避专家理性二重性问题。
專傢理性在食品安全風險評估中扮縯著重要角色，但這種理性因受到主客觀因素的影響而具有二重性，從而偏離理性。在食品安全風險評估領域，世界組織及各國多通過立法來瀰補專傢治理模式的缺陷，如 FAO/WHO 的食品安全風險分析框架，歐盟的獨立性原則和預防性原則，以及日本對食品安全委員會委員任職資格的限製等。我國可通過轉變風險規製模式、保持專傢獨立性、引入同行評審製度、明確專傢責任併健全激勵機製、完善公衆參與機製等來規避專傢理性二重性問題。
전가이성재식품안전풍험평고중분연착중요각색，단저충이성인수도주객관인소적영향이구유이중성，종이편리이성。재식품안전풍험평고영역，세계조직급각국다통과입법래미보전가치리모식적결함，여 FAO/WHO 적식품안전풍험분석광가，구맹적독립성원칙화예방성원칙，이급일본대식품안전위원회위원임직자격적한제등。아국가통과전변풍험규제모식、보지전가독립성、인입동행평심제도、명학전가책임병건전격려궤제、완선공음삼여궤제등래규피전가이성이중성문제。
Experts’rationality plays an important role during the work of risk society about food safety,but ow-ing to the effect of subjective and objective factors,this rationality has duality and thus deviates the rationality.In the area of risk society about food safety,world organizations and countries try to make up for deficiencies in govern-ance expert through legislating such as food safety risk analysis framework of FAO and WHO,EU’s principle of in-dependence and the precautionary principle,and Japan's restrictions on food safety committee qualifications,etc,. For China,we can avoid the problem of dualism of experts’rationality through the following ways:changing the risk regulation mode,keeping the experts’independency,introducing the peer review system,clearing the experts’re-sponsibilities,strengthening the incentive mechanism,and improving the public participation mechanism.
