CAJ | 학술논문

本文回溯了19世纪末以来西方关于设计科学的争论，探讨在前工业设计时期、工业设计时期和后工业设计时期中关于设计认知和理念的变化，特别是它们在整个工业设计时期中随同满足物质需求产品生产能力增长而发生的转变。事实表明，当产能不满足物质需求时，工业生产是以规模竞争优先；而当规模发展到极端而导致产能过剩并引发许多社会问题时，工业生产就转向创新竞争。竞争模式改变导致设计认知和理念的变化：从保证大规模物质生产、符合物质演变规律，即理性的系统化的设计，到满足人们对新的和美好生活的追求，并同时满足物质需求、精神需求和社会需求统一的由创意引领的设计。哪一个设计能使创新成功，取决于竞争，不仅仅是市场竞争，而且是在社会发展中的竞争。现在不是会不会设计的问题，而是设计有没有竞争力。中国正处在经济增长方式转变的关键时期，推动设计科学的研究，认识这些变化非常重要。本文提出了“竞争性设计”和“继承性设计”的概念，并将后工业设计时期称为竞争性设计时期。
본문회소료19세기말이래서방관우설계과학적쟁론，탐토재전공업설계시기、공업설계시기화후공업설계시기중관우설계인지화이념적변화，특별시타문재정개공업설계시기중수동만족물질수구산품생산능력증장이발생적전변。사실표명，당산능불만족물질수구시，공업생산시이규모경쟁우선；이당규모발전도겁단이도치산능과잉병인발허다사회문제시，공업생산취전향창신경쟁。경쟁모식개변도치설계인지화이념적변화：종보증대규모물질생산、부합물질연변규률，즉이성적계통화적설계，도만족인문대신적화미호생활적추구，병동시만족물질수구、정신수구화사회수구통일적유창의인령적설계。나일개설계능사창신성공，취결우경쟁，불부부시시장경쟁，이차시재사회발전중적경쟁。현재불시회불회설계적문제，이시설계유몰유경쟁력。중국정처재경제증장방식전변적관건시기，추동설계과학적연구，인식저사변화비상중요。본문제출료“경쟁성설계”화“계승성설계”적개념，병장후공업설계시기칭위경쟁성설계시기。
The-controversy-on“design-science”since-the-end-of-the-19th-Century-was-re-viewed.-An-analysis-of-the-change-of-the-cognition-and-idea-of-design-in-the-period-of-pre-indus-trial-design,period-of-industrial-design-and-period-of-post-industrial-design-was-given,especial-ly-in-the-period-of-industrial-design.-The-change-came-following-a-rapid-increase-of-the-produc-tion-capacity-in-satisfying-material-needs.-In-fact,when-the-capacity-could-not-satisfy-material-needs,the-competition-of-industrial-production-was-scale-expanding-priority.-Until-an-extremely-expanding-led-to-an-overcapacity-and-a-series-of-social-problems-the-competition-became-to-in-novation-priority.-The-change-of-competition-paradigm-changes-the-cognition-and-idea-of-de-sign:from-a-rational-and-systematic-design-which-ensures-the-large-scale-production-of-material-products-and-followed-the-principles-of-material-transformation-into-a-creativity-leading-design-which-tracks-the-desire-of-people-in-pursuing-new-things-and-better-life-which-must-meet-simul-taneously-the-material-needs,psychological-needs-and-social-needs.-Which-design-can-make-the-innovation-successful-is-decided-by-competition,not-only-the-competition-in-market-but-also-the-competition-in-the-social-development-process.-The-problem-now-is-not-that-one-who-can-or-cannot-design-but-the-design-with-or-without-competitiveness.-China-is-now-on-the-way-of-mode-transformation-of-economic-development-and-it-is-very-important-to-push-forward-the-study-of-design-science-and-make-clear-the-change-in-design-cognition-and-idea.-The-concepts-of“com-petitive-design”and“inheriting-design”are-suggested-and-discussed-in-the-paper.