防护林科技
防護林科技
방호림과기
PROTECTION FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2014年
8期
26-29
,共4页
农田防护林%蒸腾速率%低耗水树种%蒸腾耗水量
農田防護林%蒸騰速率%低耗水樹種%蒸騰耗水量
농전방호림%증등속솔%저모수수충%증등모수량
farmland shelterbelt%transpiration rate%low water consumption tree species%transpiration water con-sumption
通过对防护林体系内主要树种蒸腾耗水量的观测，研究分析了不同树种之间蒸腾耗水的差异，结果表明：在嫩江平原当前防护林体系中，针叶树中樟子松纯林的蒸腾速率最小，农防林建设和更新改造中要重点采用该树种，逐步提高樟子松作为防护林建设和更新主栽树种比重；阔叶树中小黑杨蒸腾速率最小，生长季耗水量小于年降水量，可作为农防林首选阔叶树种；各类型防护林在6月到9月的整个生长季，总的蒸腾耗水量实测值排序为：银中杨纯林＞樟子松＋小黑杨＞落叶松纯林＞落叶松＋小黑杨＞小黑杨纯林＞樟子松纯林；几种灌木树种生长季耗水量小于同期降雨量，可与其他乔木树种搭配，形成乔灌结合林型，降低单位面积耗水量。
通過對防護林體繫內主要樹種蒸騰耗水量的觀測，研究分析瞭不同樹種之間蒸騰耗水的差異，結果錶明：在嫩江平原噹前防護林體繫中，針葉樹中樟子鬆純林的蒸騰速率最小，農防林建設和更新改造中要重點採用該樹種，逐步提高樟子鬆作為防護林建設和更新主栽樹種比重；闊葉樹中小黑楊蒸騰速率最小，生長季耗水量小于年降水量，可作為農防林首選闊葉樹種；各類型防護林在6月到9月的整箇生長季，總的蒸騰耗水量實測值排序為：銀中楊純林＞樟子鬆＋小黑楊＞落葉鬆純林＞落葉鬆＋小黑楊＞小黑楊純林＞樟子鬆純林；幾種灌木樹種生長季耗水量小于同期降雨量，可與其他喬木樹種搭配，形成喬灌結閤林型，降低單位麵積耗水量。
통과대방호림체계내주요수충증등모수량적관측，연구분석료불동수충지간증등모수적차이，결과표명：재눈강평원당전방호림체계중，침협수중장자송순림적증등속솔최소，농방림건설화경신개조중요중점채용해수충，축보제고장자송작위방호림건설화경신주재수충비중；활협수중소흑양증등속솔최소，생장계모수량소우년강수량，가작위농방림수선활협수충；각류형방호림재6월도9월적정개생장계，총적증등모수량실측치배서위：은중양순림＞장자송＋소흑양＞락협송순림＞락협송＋소흑양＞소흑양순림＞장자송순림；궤충관목수충생장계모수량소우동기강우량，가여기타교목수충탑배，형성교관결합림형，강저단위면적모수량。
Through observation of transpiration water consumption of main tree species in shelter forest system ,this paper studied and analyzed the transpiration water consumption differences among different tree species .The re-search showed that transpiration rate of single Pinus sylvestris var . mongolica in conifer forest was the lowest in the current Nenjiang plain shelter forest system ,which should be mainly employed in the farm shelter forest con-struction and upgrading ,and gradually raised the proportion .While it was Populus × xiaohei in broad-leaved forest with the smallest transpiration rate that water consumption in growth season lower than annual rainfall ,therefore ,it should be preferred used as farm shelter forest in broad-leaved tree species .The array of total transpiration water consumption for various type of shelter forest from June to September was single Pop lus alba‘erolinensis’ >mixed Pinus sylvestris var .mongolicaand Populus × xiaohei>single Larix gmelinii>mixed Larix gmelinii and Popu-lus × xiaohei> single Populus × xiaohei> single Pinus sylvestris var .mongolica .Water consumption of several shrub tree species was less than rainfall at the same period during the growing season ,so those shrub tree species can match with other arbor tree species to form shrubbery combined with arbor forest type ,thereby to reduce water con-sumption per unit area .
