CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨不同精粗比饲粮对晋南牛瘤胃发酵特性和养分消化代谢的影响，试验选取12月龄左右健康晋南牛36头，随机分为4组，每组9头。对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂粗精比为90∶10、70∶30、50∶50和30∶70的饲粮。饲养试验预试期10 d，正试期60 d；饲养试验结束后每组随机抽取3头牛进行为期10 d的消化代谢试验。结果表明：试验Ⅲ组平均日增重显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05），试验Ⅲ组的干物质采食量和料重比均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05）；试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的有机物和粗蛋白质的表观消化率均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05），试验组干物质表观消化率显著高于对照组（ P＜0．05）；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的采食氮、可消化氮、沉积氮均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05），试验Ⅲ组的氮排泄/采食氮、磷排泄/采食磷、甲烷能排放均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（ P＜0．05）；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、丁酸浓度均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05），试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃液 pH、乙酸浓度、乙酸∶丙酸和氨态氮浓度均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05）。综合以上结果分析，确定粗精比为70∶30的饲粮最适合育肥期晋南牛的饲喂。
위탐토불동정조비사량대진남우류위발효특성화양분소화대사적영향，시험선취12월령좌우건강진남우36두，수궤분위4조，매조9두。대조조화시험Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ조분별사위조정비위90∶10、70∶30、50∶50화30∶70적사량。사양시험예시기10 d，정시기60 d；사양시험결속후매조수궤추취3두우진행위기10 d적소화대사시험。결과표명：시험Ⅲ조평균일증중현저고우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05），시험Ⅲ조적간물질채식량화료중비균현저저우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05）；시험Ⅱ화Ⅲ조적유궤물화조단백질적표관소화솔균현저고우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05），시험조간물질표관소화솔현저고우대조조（ P＜0．05）；시험Ⅱ、Ⅲ조적채식담、가소화담、침적담균현저고우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05），시험Ⅲ조적담배설/채식담、린배설/채식린、갑완능배방균현저저우대조조화시험Ⅰ、Ⅱ조（ P＜0．05）；시험Ⅱ、Ⅲ조류위액총휘발성지방산、병산、정산농도균현저고우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05），시험Ⅱ、Ⅲ조류위액 pH、을산농도、을산∶병산화안태담농도균현저저우대조조화시험Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05）。종합이상결과분석，학정조정비위70∶30적사량최괄합육비기진남우적사위。
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different roughage to concentrate ratios on ruminal fermentation characteristics,nutrients digestion and metabolism of Jinnan cattle. Thirty-six healthy Jin-nan cattle aged about 12 months were randomly divided into four groups with nine head per group. Cattle in control group and test groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed diets with roughage to concentrate ratios of 90∶10, 70∶30,50∶50 and 30∶70,respectively. Feeding trial lasted for 70 days with a 10-day pre-trial period and a 60-day trial period. After that,three heads of cattle were randomly selected from each group for a 10-day digestion and metabolism trial. The results showed that average daily gain in test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group and test group Ⅰ( P<0.05),and dry matter intake and feed∶gain in test group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group and test groupⅠ( P<0.05);the apparent digestibility of organ-ic matter and crude protein in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test groupⅠ( P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of dry matter in test groups was significantly higher than that in control group( P<0.05);nitrogen intake,digestible nitrogen and nitrogen retention in test groups Ⅱand Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test groups Ⅰ( P<0.05);nitrogen emission/nitrogen intake,phosphorus emission/phosphorus intake and methane energy emission in test group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group,test groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ( P<0.05);the concentrations of total volatile fatty acid,propionate and butyrate of ruminal fluid in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test groupⅠ( P<0.05),however,pH,acetate concentration,acetate ∶ propi-onate and ammonia nitrogen concentration of ruminal fluid in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group and test groupⅠ( P<0.05). In conclusion,the optimal roughage to concentrate ra-tio in diet for finishing Jinnan cattle is 70∶30.