CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加益生菌（枯草芽孢杆菌或粪肠球菌）对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及毛皮品质的影响。选择25周龄健康雌性蓝狐84只，随机分成7组，每组12个重复，每个重复1只。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础饲粮，Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中添加1×108、1×109和1×1010 CFU/kg的枯草芽孢杆菌，Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ组分别在基础饲粮中添加1×107、1×108和1×109 CFU/kg的粪肠球菌。预试期7 d，正试期56 d。结果表明：Ⅳ组终末体重显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅶ组（P＜0．05），Ⅳ和Ⅴ组平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅶ组（P＜0．05），其余生长性能指标各组间差异不显著（P＞0．05）。Ⅶ组干物质消化率极显著低于其他各组（P＜0．01），同时Ⅳ组干物质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组（P＜0．05）。此外，Ⅳ组粗蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅶ组（P＜0．05），Ⅴ和Ⅵ组粗脂肪消化率显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组（ P＜0．05），Ⅳ组氮沉积显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅶ组（ P＜0．05），Ⅳ和Ⅴ组绒毛长显著长于Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05）。综合各项测定指标，冬毛期蓝狐饲粮中添加1×1010 CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×107 CFU/kg粪肠球菌可提高平均日增重和终末体重，提高蛋白质和脂肪消化率，降低氮排出量，提高氮沉积，并可获得较好的毛皮品质。
본시험지재연구사량중첨가익생균（고초아포간균혹분장구균）대동모기람호생장성능、영양물질소화솔급모피품질적영향。선택25주령건강자성람호84지，수궤분성7조，매조12개중복，매개중복1지。Ⅰ조위대조조，사위기출사량，Ⅱ、Ⅲ화Ⅳ조분별재기출사량중첨가1×108、1×109화1×1010 CFU/kg적고초아포간균，Ⅴ、Ⅵ화Ⅶ조분별재기출사량중첨가1×107、1×108화1×109 CFU/kg적분장구균。예시기7 d，정시기56 d。결과표명：Ⅳ조종말체중현저고우Ⅰ화Ⅶ조（P＜0．05），Ⅳ화Ⅴ조평균일증중현저고우Ⅰ、Ⅲ화Ⅶ조（P＜0．05），기여생장성능지표각조간차이불현저（P＞0．05）。Ⅶ조간물질소화솔겁현저저우기타각조（P＜0．01），동시Ⅳ조간물질소화솔현저고우Ⅰ조（P＜0．05）。차외，Ⅳ조조단백질소화솔현저고우Ⅰ、Ⅱ화Ⅶ조（P＜0．05），Ⅴ화Ⅵ조조지방소화솔현저고우Ⅰ、Ⅱ화Ⅲ조（ P＜0．05），Ⅳ조담침적현저고우Ⅰ、Ⅱ화Ⅶ조（ P＜0．05），Ⅳ화Ⅴ조융모장현저장우Ⅰ조（ P＜0．05）。종합각항측정지표，동모기람호사량중첨가1×1010 CFU/kg고초아포간균혹1×107 CFU/kg분장구균가제고평균일증중화종말체중，제고단백질화지방소화솔，강저담배출량，제고담침적，병가획득교호적모피품질。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of probiotics( Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faecium)additives on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and pelt quality of blue foxes during winter hair period. Eighty-four healthy female blue foxes at the age of 25 weeks were randomly assigned into 7 groups with 12 replicates per group and 1 fox per replicate. The foxes in groupⅠ( control group)were fed a basal di-et,while those in groupsⅡ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1×108,1×109 and 1×1010 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis,and those in groups Ⅴ,Ⅵ and Ⅶ were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1 × 107,1×108 and 1×109 CFU/kg Enterococcus faecium,respectively. The adaptation period lasted for 7 days and the formal trial period lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:the final body weight in the groupⅣ was significantly higher than that in the groups Ⅰ and Ⅶ(P<0.05),and the average daily gain in the groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than that in the groupsⅠ,Ⅲ and Ⅶ( P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in other indexes of growth performance among all groups( P>0.05). The digestibility of dry matter in the group Ⅶ was significantly lower than that in the other groups( P<0.01),meanwhile,the digestibility of dry matter in the groupⅣwas significantly higher than that in the groupⅠ( P<0.05). In addi-tion,the digestibility of crude protein in the group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the groups Ⅰ,Ⅱand Ⅶ( P<0.05),the digestibility of ether extract in the groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ were significantly higher than that in the groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P<0.05),the nitrogen deposition in the group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅶ( P<0.05),and the pile fur length in the groups Ⅳ and Ⅴwas significantly longer than that in the groupⅠ( P<0.05). In conclusion,considering all measured indices of this experiment, adding 1×1010 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×107 CFU/kg Enterococcus faecium in diets for blue foxes during winter hair period can improve the average daily gain and final body weight,and increase the digestibility of crude protein and ether extract,it also can reduce the nitrogen excretion,and increase the nitrogen deposition, meanwhile,the blue foxes can obtain the better pelt quality as well.