科技与创新
科技與創新
과기여창신
Science and Technology & Innovation
2014年
10期
136-137,138
,共3页
戴有学%代淑媚%曹洪菁%张泽秀%任玉欢%卫甜
戴有學%代淑媚%曹洪菁%張澤秀%任玉歡%衛甜
대유학%대숙미%조홍정%장택수%임옥환%위첨
强对流天气%诊断%云图%雷达回波特征
彊對流天氣%診斷%雲圖%雷達迴波特徵
강대류천기%진단%운도%뢰체회파특정
strong convective weather%diagnosis%cloud%radar echo characteristics
利用数值预报产品、常规观测资料、非常规观测资料（卫星云图、多普勒雷达、区域自动站等资料），采用天气学诊断方法，从大尺度环流背景、影响系统、物理量场等方面，对临汾市2013-05-22-23强对流天气过程进行诊断分析。结果表明，500 hpa西风槽东移带来的冷空气与低层暖湿气流共同作用是形成区域性暴雨的主要原因。700 hPa低涡横切变线是暴雨的主要影响系统；低层辐合、高层辐散，且抽吸作用明显；上干下湿的不稳定层结有利于对流的产生和发展；我市处在K指数≥35，CAPE 600-700区，其潜在不稳定能量较大，可能产生的垂直速度也较大；云图上β中尺度特征明显，对流云团首先在低涡切变线西侧形成，随着低涡切变线东北移，对流云团迅速发展东移，这些都是暴雨形成的直接影响系统。雷达强度回波上表现为块状回波，＞45 dbz的雷达回波与暴雨落区对应较好；EC细网格、T639高分辨率预报产品对对流性天气特征物理量（K指数、CAPE、T-Td）指导意义明显，可将其作为对流性天气短期预报关注的重点。
利用數值預報產品、常規觀測資料、非常規觀測資料（衛星雲圖、多普勒雷達、區域自動站等資料），採用天氣學診斷方法，從大呎度環流揹景、影響繫統、物理量場等方麵，對臨汾市2013-05-22-23彊對流天氣過程進行診斷分析。結果錶明，500 hpa西風槽東移帶來的冷空氣與低層暖濕氣流共同作用是形成區域性暴雨的主要原因。700 hPa低渦橫切變線是暴雨的主要影響繫統；低層輻閤、高層輻散，且抽吸作用明顯；上榦下濕的不穩定層結有利于對流的產生和髮展；我市處在K指數≥35，CAPE 600-700區，其潛在不穩定能量較大，可能產生的垂直速度也較大；雲圖上β中呎度特徵明顯，對流雲糰首先在低渦切變線西側形成，隨著低渦切變線東北移，對流雲糰迅速髮展東移，這些都是暴雨形成的直接影響繫統。雷達彊度迴波上錶現為塊狀迴波，＞45 dbz的雷達迴波與暴雨落區對應較好；EC細網格、T639高分辨率預報產品對對流性天氣特徵物理量（K指數、CAPE、T-Td）指導意義明顯，可將其作為對流性天氣短期預報關註的重點。
이용수치예보산품、상규관측자료、비상규관측자료（위성운도、다보륵뢰체、구역자동참등자료），채용천기학진단방법，종대척도배류배경、영향계통、물리량장등방면，대림분시2013-05-22-23강대류천기과정진행진단분석。결과표명，500 hpa서풍조동이대래적랭공기여저층난습기류공동작용시형성구역성폭우적주요원인。700 hPa저와횡절변선시폭우적주요영향계통；저층복합、고층복산，차추흡작용명현；상간하습적불은정층결유리우대류적산생화발전；아시처재K지수≥35，CAPE 600-700구，기잠재불은정능량교대，가능산생적수직속도야교대；운도상β중척도특정명현，대류운단수선재저와절변선서측형성，수착저와절변선동북이，대류운단신속발전동이，저사도시폭우형성적직접영향계통。뢰체강도회파상표현위괴상회파，＞45 dbz적뢰체회파여폭우락구대응교호；EC세망격、T639고분변솔예보산품대대류성천기특정물리량（K지수、CAPE、T-Td）지도의의명현，가장기작위대류성천기단기예보관주적중점。
The use of numerical forecast products, conventional observation data and unconventional observation data,(satellite cloud picture, doppler radar, regional automatic station data), the diagnosis methods of weather from the large scale circulation background, influence system, the physical quantity field, etc., of Linfen city in the 2013-05-22-23 strong convective weather process for diagnosis analysis. The results showed that 500 hpa west wind trough eastward warm moist air flows caused by cold air and lower work together is the main reason for the formation of regional heavy rain. 700 hPa low vortex transverse direction of heavy rain is the main influencing system;Low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and suction effect is obvious;Dry the wet on unstable stratification is conducive to the emergence and development of convection;Zhuhai in K exponential 35, or CAPE area 600-700, the potential instability energy is larger, can produce vertical velocity is large;Cloud on beta obvious mesoscale features, convective cloud formed in the first place in the west side of the low vortex shear line, move as northeast vortex shear line, rapid development of convective cloud cluster eastward, these are the direct influence rainstorm system. Characterized by massive echo radar echo intensity,>45 DBZ radar echo with heavy rain fall area corresponding to the better;EC fine grid and T639 high-resolution forecast products of convection weather characteristic quantities(K index, CAPE, T-Td) guiding significance, it can be as the convectional weather concerns of the short-term forecast.
