CAJ | 학술논문

生态补偿是以环境损益补偿为形式，以利益诉求的全面协调与重新配置为内容的政策工具集，其本质在于通过公平分配权义达致利益衡平，实现环境时代生态利益增益和利益冲突最小化。由于政府治理与有效激励之间存在一定程度的拒斥与冲突，当前我国政府主导的生态补偿制度在形成和运行中遭遇了诸多现实困境。参与主体的单极化、激励机制的缺位和实施结果的公平性缺失，导致利益失衡与博弈失序进而引发社会公正议题。以权义平衡与协调为目标，通过完善生态补偿立法和政策决策机制、社会参与机制、激励制度等方式，可以实现对利益相关者的正向激励，彰显生态补偿的社会正义价值。
생태보상시이배경손익보상위형식，이이익소구적전면협조여중신배치위내용적정책공구집，기본질재우통과공평분배권의체치이익형평，실현배경시대생태이익증익화이익충돌최소화。유우정부치리여유효격려지간존재일정정도적거척여충돌，당전아국정부주도적생태보상제도재형성화운행중조우료제다현실곤경。삼여주체적단겁화、격려궤제적결위화실시결과적공평성결실，도치이익실형여박혁실서진이인발사회공정의제。이권의평형여협조위목표，통과완선생태보상입법화정책결책궤제、사회삼여궤제、격려제도등방식，가이실현대이익상관자적정향격려，창현생태보상적사회정의개치。
Ecological compensation is a kind of compensation about environmental profit and loss .The content of it is the interest coordination and reconfiguration .Its nature is to allocate rights and obligations equitably and it provides ecological services to increase ecological interest and minimize the conflict of social interests . Due to contradiction between governance and excitation ,the formation and operation of the current ecological compensation has encountered many difficulties .The policy decision was centralized by government depart-ments .It is characterized by the monopolarization of major participants ,lack of incentive mechanisms and un-fairness of implementation results .T hese elements lead to many social problems .It is suggested that the deci-sion mechanisms ,legislation supply ,social participation and incentive system should be improved to solve these problems .