CAJ | 학술논문

以保麦9号为试材,在氮磷钾用量一致的基础上,研究了有机无机氮配施比例对土壤有机质和养分含量、冬小麦产量和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明：施用无机氮和有机氮均能提高土壤有机质和养分含量,与对照相比,单施无机氮耕层土壤有机质增加1．7%,有机无机氮配施增加7．8%~11．2%,单施有机氮增加23．6%；土壤有效磷和速效钾变化趋势与有机质基本一致。施用无机氮和有机氮均可提高冬小麦的产量、蛋白质含量和氮肥利用率,以35%M和50%M处理最佳,小麦产量比对照增加2292和2419 kg/hm2,比单施无机氮增加656和783 kg/hm2。相对于单施无机氮处理较高的小麦氮肥利用率(38．6%),35%M和50%M处理的氮素损失少,氮肥利用率高达47．9%和53．0%,高于单施化肥处理。说明在等氮量水平下,以35%和50%有机氮替代无机氮不但提高土壤有机质、养分含量、作物产量和氮肥利用率,还可减少氮素损失,可获得较高的经济和环境效益。
이보맥9호위시재,재담린갑용량일치적기출상,연구료유궤무궤담배시비례대토양유궤질화양분함량、동소맥산량화담소이용솔적영향。결과표명：시용무궤담화유궤담균능제고토양유궤질화양분함량,여대조상비,단시무궤담경층토양유궤질증가1．7%,유궤무궤담배시증가7．8%~11．2%,단시유궤담증가23．6%；토양유효린화속효갑변화추세여유궤질기본일치。시용무궤담화유궤담균가제고동소맥적산량、단백질함량화담비이용솔,이35%M화50%M처리최가,소맥산량비대조증가2292화2419 kg/hm2,비단시무궤담증가656화783 kg/hm2。상대우단시무궤담처리교고적소맥담비이용솔(38．6%),35%M화50%M처리적담소손실소,담비이용솔고체47．9%화53．0%,고우단시화비처리。설명재등담량수평하,이35%화50%유궤담체대무궤담불단제고토양유궤질、양분함량、작물산량화담비이용솔,환가감소담소손실,가획득교고적경제화배경효익。
The effect of combing application of organic and inorganic N fertilizers on yield of winter wheat and nitrogen use effi-ciency under the same NPK supply levels was studied in the paper. The results showed that both chemical fertilizer and ma-nure could improve soil organic matter and nutrient. Comparing with the control, soil organic matter for chemical fertilizer treatment increased only 1. 7%, while for the combined application of manure with inorganic fertilizer treatment increased 7. 8% ~11. 2%, for 100%M treatment increased 23. 6%. The dynamic change of content of available PK was consistent with soil organic matter. Application of chemical fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer combined with manure could significantly in-crease the yield, protein content and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat. Treatment 35%M and treatment 50%M were the best, the wheat yield of which were 2 292 kg/hm2 and 2 419 kg/hm2 higher than those of control, and 656 kg/hm2 and 783 kg/hm2 higher than those of treatment 100%IN, respectively. The nitrogen use efficiency of the 35%M and 50%M treatment reached 47. 9% and 53. 0% , they were higher than that of the 100%IN treatment, which was 38. 6%. In all, combined ap-plication of organic with inorganic fertilizer, especially 35%M and 50%M, had the best economic and environmental benefits.