CAJ | 학술논문

研究成都平原稻麦轮作模式下，不同菌渣还田处理对土壤有效养分动态变化的影响，旨在探索适宜于成都平原的菌渣还田方式，为种植业废弃物的农业资源化利用提供科学依据。在为期1年的田间定位试验中，设置常规化肥处理(CK)和4个菌渣还田处理：等氮量还田(T1)、1．5倍氮量还田(T2)、2倍氮量还田(T3)和2．5倍氮量还田(T4)，并按生育期测定不同处理下土壤速效养分含量。结果表明：与常规施肥相比，除小麦季的土壤有效磷外，中、高量菌渣还田处理( T2、 T3和T4)均能有效提高土壤速效养分含量，作物成熟期菌渣还田处理的土壤碱解氮、速效钾和水稻季有效磷含量分别比化肥处理高出3．55%~20．24%、2．84%~31．97%和2．10%~14．48%；低量菌渣还田处理(T1)无法在作物各生育期内提供与化肥等量的碱解氮，存在供氮不足的风险。
연구성도평원도맥륜작모식하，불동균사환전처리대토양유효양분동태변화적영향，지재탐색괄의우성도평원적균사환전방식，위충식업폐기물적농업자원화이용제공과학의거。재위기1년적전간정위시험중，설치상규화비처리(CK)화4개균사환전처리：등담량환전(T1)、1．5배담량환전(T2)、2배담량환전(T3)화2．5배담량환전(T4)，병안생육기측정불동처리하토양속효양분함량。결과표명：여상규시비상비，제소맥계적토양유효린외，중、고량균사환전처리( T2、 T3화T4)균능유효제고토양속효양분함량，작물성숙기균사환전처리적토양감해담、속효갑화수도계유효린함량분별비화비처리고출3．55%~20．24%、2．84%~31．97%화2．10%~14．48%；저량균사환전처리(T1)무법재작물각생육기내제공여화비등량적감해담，존재공담불족적풍험。
A field experiment was carried out in the Chengdu Plain on rice-wheat rotation pattern field to investigate the effects of different application rates of spent mushroom substrates on the variations of soil nutrient content, aimed to explore suitable mulching in the Chengdu Plain and provide a scientific basis for utilization of farming agricultural waste resource. Five treat-ments were designed according to the applied nitrogen ( N) quantities, i. e, N 24. 6 kg/hm2 ( CK) from chemical fertilizer, and N 24. 6 (T1), 36. 9 (T2), 49. 2 (T3), 61. 5 (T4) kg/hm2 from spent mushroom substrates respectively. Results showed that middling and higher application of spent mushroom substrates (T2, T3, T4) could obviously increase the con-tents of soil available N ( AN) , available P ( AP) and available K ( AK) except AP in wheat season. In the period of maturi-ty, compared with CK, for all of the T2, T3 and T4, the content of soil AN, AK and AP were increased by 3. 55% ~20. 24%, 2. 84% ~31. 97% and 2. 10% ~14. 48% respectively. Meanwhile, in the early growth stages of rice and wheat, there were risks on the nutrient supply deficiency and should apply chemical fertilizer with the spent mushroom substrates.