CAJ | 학술논문

静止气象卫星的快速区域扫描是监测不同天气过程的有利手段。以获取的风云静止气象卫星快速区域扫描数据为基础，选取2011年台风梅花（1109）及2012年台风海葵（1211）的观测数据，采用 Hovm?ller 分析图、变异系数等参数，研究不同时空分辨率观测数据对台风云系结构特征参数监测的敏感性影响。分析结果表明：可见光通道10 min 观测时间间隔配以1．25 km 空间分辨率可以很好地反映云系演变特征，在相同观测时间分辨率条件下，降低空间分辨率会对云系结构特征的提取有较大影响；在相同空间分辨率条件下，观测时间分辨率的降低对云系结构及演变特征的分析影响较小；基于变异系数的分析说明云像元特性在60 min 的观测时间间隔下发生了较大变化，如果以60 min 为观测时间间隔将会失去较多的云像元变化特征。水汽通道不同观测时间的变异系数差值小于红外通道1，说明云像元在红外通道1的特性演变对观测时间的敏感性高于水汽通道，提高观测频率可获取更多的云像元红外通道1的辐射特性。
정지기상위성적쾌속구역소묘시감측불동천기과정적유리수단。이획취적풍운정지기상위성쾌속구역소묘수거위기출，선취2011년태풍매화（1109）급2012년태풍해규（1211）적관측수거，채용 Hovm?ller 분석도、변이계수등삼수，연구불동시공분변솔관측수거대태풍운계결구특정삼수감측적민감성영향。분석결과표명：가견광통도10 min 관측시간간격배이1．25 km 공간분변솔가이흔호지반영운계연변특정，재상동관측시간분변솔조건하，강저공간분변솔회대운계결구특정적제취유교대영향；재상동공간분변솔조건하，관측시간분변솔적강저대운계결구급연변특정적분석영향교소；기우변이계수적분석설명운상원특성재60 min 적관측시간간격하발생료교대변화，여과이60 min 위관측시간간격장회실거교다적운상원변화특정。수기통도불동관측시간적변이계수차치소우홍외통도1，설명운상원재홍외통도1적특성연변대관측시간적민감성고우수기통도，제고관측빈솔가획취경다적운상원홍외통도1적복사특성。
The traditional obervation interval of Fengyun geostationary meteorological series satellite is 1 hour for a single satellite.During flooding season,the obervation frequency is imporived to half an hour.Doub-le satellite observation mode can provide remote sensing data every 15 minutes.Due to the difference of ob-servation angles and calibration error between different satellites,remote sensing data sometimes appear consistency and uniformity deviation.So improving observation frequency for a single satellite is the best way to get high quality remote sensing data.Rapid scan mode of geostationary meteorological satellites is an important method to monitor all kinds of weather processes. <br> National Satellite Meteorological Center uses retired FY-2C satellite to carry out high frequency rapid regional scan observation trials and get continuous data with an average of 10-minute interval.Based on high frequency observations,Hovm?ller diagram and coefficient of variation are used to analyze the sensi-tivity of multi-scale satellite data on monitoring the structure of a strong typhoon Muifa(2011). <br> The research results show that the high frequency observations can clearly demonstrate the evolution of a strong typhoon cloud structure.Each channel with different spatial and temporal resolution has differ-ent sensitiveness in monitoring the structure feature of cloud. Reflectivity at visible channel with 1.25-kilometer spatial resolution and 10-minute temporal resoution can well show features of typhoon cloud.Under the same observation temporal resolution condition,lowering spatial resolution has great im-pact on monitoring the structure of cloud.If the spatial resolution keeps the same,reduced observation temporal resolution has less effect on extracting the characteristics of clouds.Using Hovm?ller diagram to compare cloud brightness temperature characteristics through infrared window channel under different temporal resolution,it can be seen that there is no great difference between 10-minute and 30-minute ob-servation modes.The cloud features are greatly reduced after the observation interval being changed to 60 minutes.The results also show that the cloud characteristics change greatly during 60 minutes based on brightness temperature coefficient of variation difference.Because the brightness temperature coefficient of variation at water vapor channel is smaller than infrared channel,the evolution of cloud characters ob-served by infrared window channel is more sensitive than that by water vapor channel.So improved obser-vation temporal resolution can get more cloud information through infrared window channel.