CAJ | 학술논문

优良站址的选择是射电望远镜完成既定科学目标并实现高效运行的重要保障。影响射电望远镜选址的主要因素包括电磁环境、水文、气象、地质条件、隔离性与可及性等。对于射电天文观测而言，来自宇宙天体的射电信号往往极其微弱，对望远镜系统及设备的灵敏度要求极高。然而，随着人类活动的不断加强，人们日常工作和生活中使用的电子通讯设备越来越多，无线电干扰源呈爆炸式涌现。在射电望远镜选址工作中，进行电磁环境监测，选择一个电磁环境良好的站址，对于射电望远镜实现常规观测运行、获取有效数据资料至关重要。同时，电磁环境监测结果也是射电望远镜接收机系统研制、站址电磁环境及无线电宁静区立法保护的重要依据。中阿天文学者和技术人员历时1年半完成了16个候选站址的初步勘察，并对优选出的3个主要候选站址进行了深入细致的电磁环境监测工作，获得了大量可靠数据。中阿双方依据电磁环境监测结果并结合各主要候选站址的水文、气象、地质及道路等条件，最终将位于Talacasto戈壁的3号候选站址确定为中阿CART射电望远镜的建设站点。
우량참지적선택시사전망원경완성기정과학목표병실현고효운행적중요보장。영향사전망원경선지적주요인소포괄전자배경、수문、기상、지질조건、격리성여가급성등。대우사전천문관측이언，래자우주천체적사전신호왕왕겁기미약，대망원경계통급설비적령민도요구겁고。연이，수착인류활동적불단가강，인문일상공작화생활중사용적전자통신설비월래월다，무선전간우원정폭작식용현。재사전망원경선지공작중，진행전자배경감측，선택일개전자배경량호적참지，대우사전망원경실현상규관측운행、획취유효수거자료지관중요。동시，전자배경감측결과야시사전망원경접수궤계통연제、참지전자배경급무선전저정구입법보호적중요의거。중아천문학자화기술인원력시1년반완성료16개후선참지적초보감찰，병대우선출적3개주요후선참지진행료심입세치적전자배경감측공작，획득료대량가고수거。중아쌍방의거전자배경감측결과병결합각주요후선참지적수문、기상、지질급도로등조건，최종장위우Talacasto과벽적3호후선참지학정위중아CART사전망원경적건설참점。
The China-Argentina Radio Telescope (CART) with a diameter of 40-m will be located in the San Juan province of Argentina. CART is destined to be eventually equipped with L, S, C, X, Ku, K, Ka, and possibly also Q bands. Up to date, radio telescopes are usually designed with high sensitivities eligible for detecting extremely weak radio signals from astronomical ob jects. However, the explosive utilization of large mass of electronics and radio communication facilities in human activities has significantly ruined the working environment of radio telescopes. Therefore, the selection of a radio quiet site is one of the most critical issues for locating radio telescopes such as CART. Measurements of radio frequency interference (RFI) of the three primary candidate hosting sites for CART have been successfully carried out in May 2012 in the San Juan province. Both Site 3 at Talacasto and Site 6 at Leoncito are found to be radio quieter than Site 8, which is located in the vicinity of the San Juan city. However, based on a comprehensive assessment of the site conditions including RFI, accessibility, hydrological, geological and climatic feasibilities of all the candidate hosting sites, site 3 at Talacasto is finally taken as the hosting site for the CART telescope.