CAJ | 학술논문

为了分析黄河内蒙古河段2012年大洪水前后河势的演变特征,采用洪水前、洪水期、洪水后的卫星遥感影像资料统计了洪水前后的主流摆幅和裁弯比,并结合巴彦高勒、三湖河口和头道拐的实测水流泥沙资料以及大断面资料分析了河道冲淤特征和典型断面变化特征。分析结果表明：河道主流摆幅具有逐渐增大趋势,至过渡段之后减小；与近期平均摆幅相比,游荡段和弯曲段明显减小,过渡段有所增加；游荡段最大摆幅为1240 m,洪水过后仍有多处心滩发育,游荡特性未改变；过渡段和弯曲段河道发生5处裁弯,平均裁弯比为37%；大洪水作用下内蒙古河道具有上冲下淤的特点,接近冲淤平衡,河道断面主槽普遍冲刷下降。
위료분석황하내몽고하단2012년대홍수전후하세적연변특정,채용홍수전、홍수기、홍수후적위성요감영상자료통계료홍수전후적주류파폭화재만비,병결합파언고륵、삼호하구화두도괴적실측수류니사자료이급대단면자료분석료하도충어특정화전형단면변화특정。분석결과표명：하도주류파폭구유축점증대추세,지과도단지후감소；여근기평균파폭상비,유탕단화만곡단명현감소,과도단유소증가；유탕단최대파폭위1240 m,홍수과후잉유다처심탄발육,유탕특성미개변；과도단화만곡단하도발생5처재만,평균재만비위37%；대홍수작용하내몽고하도구유상충하어적특점,접근충어평형,하도단면주조보편충쇄하강。
In order to study the river regime change in the Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River during the large flood in 2012, satellite images before, in and after the flood are used to extract mainstream swing scope and channel cut-off ratios. Combined with field data of flow, sediment and great cross section at Bayangaole, Sanhuhekou and Toudaoguai, the scouring and silting characteristics of the river and typical crosses are analyzed. The results show that main channel swing has an increasing trend towards the river direction and decreasing in the transiting section. Main channel swing at wandering and meandering sections is obviously less than that in recent years, while it is the opposite at transiting section. The wandering section is characterized by a maximum of the main channel swing of 1 240 m and a few developing rive islands, which indicates that the section is still wandering. Channel cut-off occurs in five sites in the transiting section and meandering section, with average cut-off ratio of 37%. The Inner Mongolia section is featured by upper scoured and lower deposited and close to equilibrium during the great flood. Additionally, the main channels are all scoured and down.