江苏农业学报
江囌農業學報
강소농업학보
JIANGSU JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
4期
826-832
,共7页
窦新杰%常玉梅%唐然%陶然%梁利群
竇新傑%常玉梅%唐然%陶然%樑利群
두신걸%상옥매%당연%도연%량리군
雅罗鱼亚科%线粒体DNA%遗传多样性%亲缘关系
雅囉魚亞科%線粒體DNA%遺傳多樣性%親緣關繫
아라어아과%선립체DNA%유전다양성%친연관계
Leuciscinae%mtDNA%genetic diversity%relationship
为探讨瓦氏雅罗鱼( DL, SHJ)、贝加尔雅罗鱼( BJ)、高体雅罗鱼( GT)、滩头雅罗鱼( TT)和珠星雅罗鱼(ZX)5个物种的亲缘关系,对6个雅罗鱼种群共计39个样本进行PCR扩增得到mtDNA 的COI、Cytb和D-loop 核苷酸序列,然后利用Clustalx1.8、Bioedit7.0等软件对序列进行比对、整合,最后选取长度分别为635 bp( COI)和1095 bp(Cytb-D-loop)的序列利用MEGA5.1、DNAsp5.0、Arlequin3.1等软件进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。序列分析结果显示,6个雅罗鱼种群在COI、Cytb和D-loop区段的腺嘌呤( A)+胸腺嘧啶( T)含量均高于鸟嘌呤( G)+胞嘧啶( C)含量；遗传多样性分析显示,高体雅罗鱼和珠星雅罗鱼COI基因的遗传多样性相对较低；6个种群在Cytb-D-loop区域的遗传多样性普遍较高,其中珠星雅罗鱼变异最大。遗传距离和邻接法( NJ)系统进化树分析显示,同属于瓦氏雅罗鱼的DL和SHJ群体亲缘关系最近(遗传距离为0.002和0.005),来自新疆的高体雅罗鱼和贝加尔雅罗鱼的亲缘关系最近(遗传距离为0.072和0.052),滩头雅罗鱼和珠星雅罗鱼的亲缘关系最近(遗传距离为0.045和0.170)；不同种群间遗传分化指数显示,除DL和SHJ 2个瓦氏雅罗鱼地理群体未出现明显的遗传分化外,其他4个种群之间及其与瓦氏雅罗鱼2个地理群体间都存在不同程度的遗传分化；种群特异位点分析未找到能够区分瓦氏雅罗鱼DL和SHJ 2个群体的特异位点,但找到了多个能够区分5个雅罗鱼种的特异位点。
為探討瓦氏雅囉魚( DL, SHJ)、貝加爾雅囉魚( BJ)、高體雅囉魚( GT)、灘頭雅囉魚( TT)和珠星雅囉魚(ZX)5箇物種的親緣關繫,對6箇雅囉魚種群共計39箇樣本進行PCR擴增得到mtDNA 的COI、Cytb和D-loop 覈苷痠序列,然後利用Clustalx1.8、Bioedit7.0等軟件對序列進行比對、整閤,最後選取長度分彆為635 bp( COI)和1095 bp(Cytb-D-loop)的序列利用MEGA5.1、DNAsp5.0、Arlequin3.1等軟件進行遺傳多樣性和遺傳結構分析。序列分析結果顯示,6箇雅囉魚種群在COI、Cytb和D-loop區段的腺嘌呤( A)+胸腺嘧啶( T)含量均高于鳥嘌呤( G)+胞嘧啶( C)含量；遺傳多樣性分析顯示,高體雅囉魚和珠星雅囉魚COI基因的遺傳多樣性相對較低；6箇種群在Cytb-D-loop區域的遺傳多樣性普遍較高,其中珠星雅囉魚變異最大。遺傳距離和鄰接法( NJ)繫統進化樹分析顯示,同屬于瓦氏雅囉魚的DL和SHJ群體親緣關繫最近(遺傳距離為0.002和0.005),來自新疆的高體雅囉魚和貝加爾雅囉魚的親緣關繫最近(遺傳距離為0.072和0.052),灘頭雅囉魚和珠星雅囉魚的親緣關繫最近(遺傳距離為0.045和0.170)；不同種群間遺傳分化指數顯示,除DL和SHJ 2箇瓦氏雅囉魚地理群體未齣現明顯的遺傳分化外,其他4箇種群之間及其與瓦氏雅囉魚2箇地理群體間都存在不同程度的遺傳分化；種群特異位點分析未找到能夠區分瓦氏雅囉魚DL和SHJ 2箇群體的特異位點,但找到瞭多箇能夠區分5箇雅囉魚種的特異位點。
위탐토와씨아라어( DL, SHJ)、패가이아라어( BJ)、고체아라어( GT)、탄두아라어( TT)화주성아라어(ZX)5개물충적친연관계,대6개아라어충군공계39개양본진행PCR확증득도mtDNA 적COI、Cytb화D-loop 핵감산서렬,연후이용Clustalx1.8、Bioedit7.0등연건대서렬진행비대、정합,최후선취장도분별위635 bp( COI)화1095 bp(Cytb-D-loop)적서렬이용MEGA5.1、DNAsp5.0、Arlequin3.1등연건진행유전다양성화유전결구분석。서렬분석결과현시,6개아라어충군재COI、Cytb화D-loop구단적선표령( A)+흉선밀정( T)함량균고우조표령( G)+포밀정( C)함량；유전다양성분석현시,고체아라어화주성아라어COI기인적유전다양성상대교저；6개충군재Cytb-D-loop구역적유전다양성보편교고,기중주성아라어변이최대。유전거리화린접법( NJ)계통진화수분석현시,동속우와씨아라어적DL화SHJ군체친연관계최근(유전거리위0.002화0.005),래자신강적고체아라어화패가이아라어적친연관계최근(유전거리위0.072화0.052),탄두아라어화주성아라어적친연관계최근(유전거리위0.045화0.170)；불동충군간유전분화지수현시,제DL화SHJ 2개와씨아라어지리군체미출현명현적유전분화외,기타4개충군지간급기여와씨아라어2개지리군체간도존재불동정도적유전분화；충군특이위점분석미조도능구구분와씨아라어DL화SHJ 2개군체적특이위점,단조도료다개능구구분5개아라어충적특이위점。
To define the genetic relationship among five species ( six geographical populations) , including 39 sam-ples collected from Songhua River( L. waleckii, SHJ) , Dali Lake ( L. waleckii, DL) , Erqis River ( L. idus, GT) ,Sayram Lake (L. baicalebsis, BJ), Suifen River [Tribolodon brandit (Dybowski), TT]and Osorezan Lake (L. haronensis Gun-ther, ZX) , three mtDNA sequences of COI, Cytb and D-loop of the six geographical populations, were separately amplified and sequenced. Based on the alignment using softwares Bioedit7. 0 and Clustalx1. 8, the fragments sized 635 bp ( COI) and 1 095 bp ( Cytb-D-loop) were selected for subsequent analysis of genetic diversity and population structure. The results showed that A+T contents on COI and Cytb-D-loop mtDNA regions of six populations were higher than G+G contents. GT and ZX populations had less genetic diversity than other populations. All six populations especially for ZX population had abundant genetic diversity on the region of Cytb-D-loop. Phylogenetic tree revealed that SHJ and BJ, GT and BJ, and TT and ZX had close relationship, respectively. Genetic differentiations occurred in four populations of BJ, GT, TT and ZX and between the four populations and population L. waleckii. No specific locus could be found to distin-guish SHJ from DL, but some loci were found to distinguish the five species.
